lightningnetwork

Bitcoin secures ownership and spending rights through cryptography. From its earliest days, that security has relied on the Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA). Every time you send bitcoin, you’re proving—cryptographically—that you control the private key associated with those coins.
Schnorr signatures introduce an alternative signature scheme that refines how Bitcoin handles security, privacy, and scalability. They don’t alter Bitcoin’s core principles or monetary rules, but they unlock subtle, powerful improvements that ripple across the entire ecosystem.
Digital Signatures, Revisited
At a high level, digital signatures serve the same purpose as handwritten signatures—but with far stronger guarantees.
A digital signature allows you to prove that a specific message was created by someone holding a particular private key, without ever revealing that key.
In Bitcoin, the process works like this:
A private key is generated as a large random number and must remain secret.
From it, a public key is mathematically derived using the secp256k1 elliptic curve.
Your Bitcoin address or public key can be shared openly, but deriving the private key from it is computationally infeasible.
When you create a Bitcoin transaction, you are effectively signing a message that authorizes the movement of specific coins. Every node in the network independently verifies that signature using the public key.
If the signature is valid, the transaction is accepted.
If not, it is rejected outright.
This mechanism is the foundation of Bitcoin’s trustless design.
What Are Schnorr Signatures?
Schnorr signatures are a digital signature scheme that functions similarly to ECDSA but with cleaner and more elegant mathematical properties. Interestingly, the Schnorr scheme actually predates ECDSA—it was proposed decades ago by cryptographer Claus P. Schnorr.
So why didn’t Bitcoin use Schnorr signatures from day one?
The primary reason was legal uncertainty. Schnorr signatures were covered by patents that only expired in early 2008, just months before the Bitcoin whitepaper was released. At that time, ECDSA was already standardized, open, and widely deployed, making it the safer choice for a brand-new, high-stakes monetary system.
Why Schnorr Signatures Are an Upgrade
One of Schnorr’s biggest advantages is simplicity.
Their mathematical structure is easier to analyze and prove secure compared to ECDSA. That alone is valuable—but the real breakthrough lies in a property known as linearity.
Linearity Explained
Linearity allows multiple Schnorr signatures to be combined into a single signature. This capability unlocks major improvements for Bitcoin, especially in how it handles multisignature transactions.
Multisignature Transactions, Done Better
Bitcoin already supports multisignature (multisig) wallets, where multiple parties must approve a transaction before funds can be spent. While powerful, the current ECDSA-based approach has clear drawbacks:
All public keys and signatures are revealed on-chain
Transaction size increases significantly
Observers can easily identify multisig usage
Fees are higher due to larger data requirements
From both a privacy and scalability perspective, this is suboptimal.
How Schnorr Fixes This
With signature aggregation, Schnorr allows multiple participants to merge their individual signatures into one compact signature—the same size as a normal single-signature transaction.
On-chain, a multisig spend can look indistinguishable from a regular transaction.
This results in:
Improved privacy – observers can’t tell how many signers were involved
Lower fees – less data stored on the blockchain
Better scalability – more transactions fit into each block
In short: multisig becomes cleaner, cheaper, and more private.
Beyond Multisig: A Foundation for New Features
Schnorr signatures don’t just improve existing features—they act as a foundational building block for future Bitcoin innovation.
They make it easier to design and implement advanced systems such as:
Atomic swaps, which require flexible and secure signature logic
The Lightning Network, where efficient and private cryptographic constructions are essential
Smart contract-like spending conditions, without bloating the blockchain
Most importantly, Schnorr signatures enabled Taproot, a major Bitcoin upgrade that allows complex spending conditions to remain hidden unless they are actually used. This keeps on-chain data minimal while dramatically improving privacy.
When Did Schnorr Arrive in Bitcoin?
For many years, Schnorr signatures were discussed as a potential future upgrade with no fixed timeline. As with all Bitcoin changes, adoption required:
Extensive peer review
Broad community agreement
A conservative, security-first rollout
Key contributors such as Pieter Wuille, Jonas Nick, and Tim Ruffing helped formalize Schnorr’s integration through Bitcoin Improvement Proposals (BIPs). Research and development from Blockstream, including the MuSig signature aggregation scheme, demonstrated that Schnorr could be implemented safely in practice.
Ultimately, Schnorr signatures were introduced to Bitcoin as part of the Taproot upgrade, activated via a soft fork—meaning it enhanced Bitcoin without splitting the network.
Final Thoughts
Schnorr signatures may be invisible to most everyday Bitcoin users, but their impact is profound.
They quietly:
Improve privacy
Reduce transaction sizes
Lower fees
Enable more expressive and efficient smart contract designs
More importantly, Schnorr signatures prepare Bitcoin for the future. By simplifying its cryptographic foundations, they empower developers to build more advanced, private, and scalable systems—without compromising Bitcoin’s core security model.
In that sense, Schnorr signatures aren’t just a technical upgrade.
They are a long-term investment in Bitcoin’s evolution.$BTC
#Bitcoin #BTC #Cryptography #SchnorrSignatures #LightningNetwork

Pārrakstot noteikumus, Apple ir devusi zaļo gaismu SaruTobi, pirmajai iOS spēlei, kas integrē native Bitcoin mikrotransakcijas, izmantojot Lightning Network. Šis lēmums norāda uz potenciālu maiņu Apple tradicionāli ierobežojošajā attieksmē pret alternatīvām maksājumu sistēmām—izmaiņas, iespējams, ietekmēti no stingrākām regulām, piemēram, ES Digitālo tirgu likuma (DMA) un juridiskajām cīņām, piemēram, Epic pret Apple.  
Izstrādāta ZBD, SaruTobi—spēle, kas sākotnēji tika izlaista 2013. gadā, bet vēlāk tika izņemta no App Store tās Bitcoin integrācijas dēļ—ir triumfāla atgriešanās. Šoreiz tā izmanto Lightning tūlītējās, zemas izmaksas transakcijas, lai iespējotu reālu naudas pirkumus spēlē bez parastajām App Store ierobežojumiem. Spēlētāji tagad var tērēt mazus apmērus (tikai dažus centus), lai atkārtoti mēģinātu līmeņus vai atbloķētu jaudas uzlabojumus, visu laiku saglabājot nepārtrauktu spēli.  

Dienvidkorejas izklaides milzis, K Wave Media, nupat izmeta spridzekli: viņi iegremdējas Bitcoin ar $500 miljonu ieguldījumu! 💥 Viņi mērķē kļūt par "Korejas Metaplanētu," iedvesmojoties no MicroStrategy panākumiem.
K Wave plāno ieguldīt līdzekļus Bitcoin, iespējams, pat citos kriptovalūtās, un izpētīt apvienošanās, lai stiprinātu savu K-Pop impēriju. Viņi arī domā par Bitcoin Lightning Network mezglu darbību – runājot par nākotnes pieņemšanu! ⚡️
Viņu akciju cena? Tā jau ir kļuvusi traka, pieaugot par vairāk nekā 160%! 🔥 Vai tas varētu būt jaunas viļņa sākums uzņēmumiem, kas pievieno Bitcoin saviem bilances lapām?

Raksts salīdzina Lightning Network ar "Theseja kuģi", uzdodot jautājumu, vai tīkla būtība mainās, ja tā komponentes tiek aizstātas.

Galvenie Lightning Network komponenti

Pamats ir tāds, ka #lightningnetwork ir maksājumu kanālu tīkls, kur lietotāji bloķē Bitcoin daudzparakstu adresēs un atjaunina darījumu atlikumus ārpus ķēdes. Tas ir svarīgs risinājums Bitcoin mērogošanai.

El Salvadorā notiekošajā Plan ₿ forumā Tether paziņoja par revolucionāru paziņojumu, integrējot USDT ar Bitcoin pamatlīmeni un Lightning Network. Šis solis, visticamāk, paātrinās kriptovalūtu globālo pieņemšanu, eksperti prognozē, ka Bitcoin ekosistēma būtiski paplašināsies.
Kā USDT gūs labumu no šīs integrācijas? 🌍
Lai iespējotu šo sasniegumu, Tether izmantos Taproot Assets protokolu, kas ir izstrādāts, lai:
Paātrināt darījumu ātrumu ⏩
Uzlabot mērogojamību, neapdraudot decentralizāciju 🔒