Cloud

What Is a Cloud?

A cloud is a shared pool of computing resources, such as data storage and processing power, that users can access on demand over the internet.

Instead of running software or storing files on a single local machine, users tap into remote servers managed by a provider. These resources can be scaled up or down quickly to match changing needs, which is one reason cloud technology is now used across many everyday services.

How the Cloud Works

Cloud computing is typically organized into three service models, each offering a different level of control:

• Infrastructure as a service (IaaS): provides fundamental resources like computing power, storage, and networking. Examples include Amazon EC2 and Microsoft Azure.
• Platform as a service (PaaS): provides a ready-made environment where developers can build and deploy applications without managing the underlying hardware. Examples include Heroku and Google App Engine.
• Software as a service (SaaS): delivers finished applications directly to users over the internet, with the provider handling everything behind the scenes. Examples include Google Docs and Slack.

Cloud Deployment Models

Beyond service models, the cloud can be deployed in several ways depending on who owns the infrastructure and who can access it:

• Public cloud: operated by a third-party provider and open to many users, often at lower cost.
• Private cloud: dedicated to a single organization for greater control over data and security.
• Community cloud: shared by a group of organizations with common goals or compliance requirements.
• Hybrid cloud: a combination of two or more of the above, balancing flexibility and control.