ItsKhanOnChain

Pensez aux débuts d'Internet, et rappelez-vous à quel point il était risqué d'entrer vos informations de carte de crédit sur un site web ? Tout était clair (c'est-à-dire, HTTP), et les hackers pouvaient intercepter vos informations. Ensuite, il y a eu HTTPS (SSL) - en d'autres termes, "sûr". permettant le commerce électronique et la banque moderne. Aujourd'hui, la plupart des blockchains sont au niveau "HTTP", ce qui signifie que tout est clair. Dusk construit le "HTTPS" pour la finance mondiale.
Nous entendons souvent dire que $DUSK est destiné aux institutions, mais pourquoi ? C'est parce que Dusk comprend que "La Confidentialité" est l'épine dorsale de toute entreprise sérieuse. En utilisant des preuves à divulgation nulle de connaissance, ils ont créé un réseau où vous pouvez vérifier la validité d'une transaction sans diffuser les détails au monde entier. Il ne s'agit pas de secret ; il s'agit de Professionnalisme. Il s'agit de donner à une entreprise la confiance de mettre son RWA sur la chaîne sans littéralement servir sa stratégie à sa concurrence sur un plateau.

We often say, within the blockchain world, that "privacy is a luxury." Most privacy protocols are famously slow, clunky, and resource-heavy, thus making them a nightmare for real-world integrations. This is the so-called Privacy Paradox: we want decentralization, but we aren't willing to wait minutes at a checkout counter or a digital gate for a proof to verify.
This is exactly where Dusk (@dusk_foundation) has shattered the ceiling. This is where Dusk’s work in the FORT protocol has managed to achieve the unthinkable—Zero-Knowledge Proofs in the speed of thought itself.
The Secret Sauce: Lightweight Cryptography
The breakthrough isn’t just about privacy; it’s also about efficiency. ZK proofs usually need significant computing power, but Dusk’s work was designed with the “Edge” in mind, i.e., the smartphones and smartwatches carried around daily.
Verification in the Blink of an Eye Certainly, in the context of the FORT benchmarks, the verification of the private access right "feels invisible." The protocol supports the verification of multiple connections in high-density environments such as smart cities:
Mid-range Smartphone: Below 0.005 seconds for verification.IoT low power - Raspberry Pi Zero: It required only 0.13 seconds.
This means you can prove you have a valid subscription, a VIP pass, or a "right to enter" a zone without the gate pausing. You aren't just private; you are frictionless.
Selective Disclosure: Proving Facts, Not Data
The actual tech advantage, however, lies with Attribute Blinding. You’re not asked to disclose your whole ID, which, by the way, can expose your sensitive information like your address or birthdate, but rather relies on Bulletproofs or Range Proofs, and allows you to prove specific attributes instead.

For example, instead of proving that "you are over 18" or that "your bank balance is sufficient," and instead of revealing the actual values, one can prove this to the service provider using Pedersen Commitments and keep the actual values entirely hidden.

DUSK Opportunity
As we advance to a Real-World Asset (RWA) world, there is a need to search for a chain that is not only compliant and secure, as has been described, but also fast enough to use by consumers. We know that $DUSK is the only Layer-1 built from day one to perform the heavy lifting of Zero-Knowledge math at a rate fast enough to use by consumers. In the race to win at Web3, it’s not going to be about who is most private, but who is most seamless. And with Dusk Network, privacy is finally a background process, not a barrier.
#dusk $DUSK @Dusk_Foundation

Discutons du réseau Dusk et de leur protocole Kadcast. Si vous êtes dans la crypto et la technologie, et que vous vous souciez de l'utilité mondiale et des secteurs réglementés en finance, alors $DUSK de @dusk_foundation vaut vraiment le détour. « C'est une blockchain de couche 1 qui tient vraiment ses promesses en matière d'utilité et de confidentialité. Honnêtement, elle passe sous le radar en ce moment, mais j'ai le sentiment que cela ne va pas durer longtemps. »
Eh bien, parlons de l'un des aspects les plus intelligents et les plus sous-estimés de la technologie de Dusk : son propre protocole de diffusion pair-à-pair, appelé Kadcast. Et honnêtement, il est de loin supérieur à ces anciennes implémentations de protocole de potins dont la plupart des blockchains sont accablées.

Affrontons la réalité : presque tout ce que nous voulons faire en ligne de nos jours nécessite beaucoup plus d'informations que nous ne devrions en donner.
Acheter un billet de concert ? Entrez votre nom, votre e-mail, votre numéro de téléphone, et parfois même votre scan d'identité.
S'abonner à un service de streaming ? Liez une carte et l'historique de visionnage devient stocké pour toujours.
Des villes intelligentes futures ou des trucs de type IoT ? Cela pourrait être votre emplacement, vos habitudes, des informations de santé – finir dans la base de données de quelqu'un quelque part.
Nous plaçons notre confiance dans ces grandes organisations (ou applications sans scrupules) pour ne pas vendre, divulguer ou développer des profils secrets à notre sujet, suivant nos mouvements dans le futur. La plupart des gens ne réalisent pas à quel point leur vie virtuelle est actuellement intégrée.

Blockchain is always evolving, and this is particularly true when it comes to finding a balance between privacy and the need for regulation and auditing. The traditional blockchains, such as Bitcoin or Ethereum, are all about transparency. You can see the transaction values, the wallet balances, the whole shebang. This is fantastic if you want to be transparent, but not so great if you want to maintain privacy, such as in business or supply chain management.
This is where Haults a protocol developed by $DUSK Network, comes in. It stands for Homomorphic Encryption-based Vaults, and it is a new protocol that has emerged from some new research. The interesting thing about Haults is that it combines homomorphic encryption, zero-knowledge proofs, and smart contracts. When you combine all of these things, you have a system that allows you to maintain the privacy of your balances, even on blockchains that use virtual machines, such as those that are compatible with Ethereum.
Haults provide a very intelligent wallet solution that strikes a balance between privacy and permissioning. They are not like completely anonymous platforms like Zcash or Monero. With Haults, you always know who is participating in a transaction, but you cannot see their balances or what they are sending. This is a good combination if you want to identify users, perhaps for legal purposes, but keep the actual money information private.
Haults revolve around these things called "notes." They’re specialized data structures that contain value, all encrypted. Each note has two encrypted components.
One of them is encrypted with MapRecoverable encryption. Essentially, if you have the right private key, you can decrypt this and read the underlying value.
The other one is encrypted with a homomorphic encryption scheme, MapHomomorphic, which is based on ElGamal encryption over elliptic curves. This one is particularly slick: you can sum up the encrypted balances of multiple notes without decrypting them. That way, you can add up all the values without learning what’s in each note.

Each user has their own Hault keypairs—this is like a set of special keys developed by $DUSK Network specifically for the Hault protocol, and they are completely separate from their blockchain addresses. These keys take care of all the encryption and decryption. There is also an auditor involved in this process, who holds a public key that provides an additional layer of encryption to every transaction. This way, in case there is a need to check compliance or investigate any transactions or even trace lost funds, the auditor can decrypt the amounts. However, this information is not accessible to the common user or the rest of the network, so privacy is maintained.

The core of Haults is based on the transfer protocol. When a user wants to send value w to another user, the following takes place:
First, the sender gathers their notes and calculates their old balance in both plain number form (after decryption) and its encrypted form. They then subtract w from the balance to obtain their new encrypted balance. Next, they make new notes for the recipient, locked under the recipient’s public key, as well as a set for the auditor. To connect all the dots, they construct a zero-knowledge proof that verifies all the steps are valid, including the fact that nothing new is created or destroyed, the old notes are destroyed, and all the encryption is sound, without revealing w or the balances.

The “Hault” smart contract verifies the proof and the public inputs—such as ensuring that the old encrypted sums actually match what’s been stored. It then removes any notes that have already been used and adds new ones to both the sender’s and the recipient’s accounts. This ensures that everything is safe on the blockchain, and at the same time, it doesn’t expose anyone’s private information.
There are a couple of special cases. For minting, the contract owner—basically the issuer—emits new notes through transparent encryption. This means that they set the randomness to zero, so the amount is exposed to everyone. This way, people can check the total supply, but regular notes still hide the amounts. Then you have the force transfers. If someone loses their keys, the auditor can chime in. With their own keys, they prove and complete the transfer, which allows people to get their money back without jeopardizing the entire system.
Haults’ design keeps things simple by using only one transfer circuit for almost all operations. This reduces complexity immensely. The zero knowledge circuit is responsible for a few important tasks: it verifies points on the elliptic curve, ensures that all values remain within bounds so you don’t end up with overflows or funky negative values, keeps homomorphic subtraction and encryption under control, and double-checks that recoverable and homomorphic mappings actually correspond.
This design is based on the basics of elliptic curve cryptography, in which the public key is a point on the curve (pk = sk · G).
But what does this all mean in practice? Haults can support enterprise blockchains, DeFi platforms that operate within the law, or networks where real-world assets are tokenized – areas where you need privacy, but you can’t afford to forget accountability. They avoid the problems that come with completely private blockchains, such as not scaling well or regulators pushing back, but they still maintain a whole lot more privacy than transparent blockchains.
With more and more regulated sectors turning to blockchain, solutions like Haults show the way forward: privacy is baked in from the start, there’s the ability to audit if necessary, and anyone can check what’s happening if they have to. It safeguards user data and helps people actually trust these digital finance systems, even as they come under the microscope. And with zero-knowledge proofs and homomorphic encryption continually improving, you can bet that Dusk Network's Haults-like systems will take privacy-enhanced smart contracts to the next level.
#dusk $DUSK @Dusk_Foundation

Le béton armé (RC) de Dusk est une nouvelle fonction de hachage qui est super rapide dans les preuves à connaissance nulle (telles que les ZK-SNARKs ou STARKs). Ce n'est pas comme les fonctions de hachage régulières (telles que SHA-256). Au contraire, elle est conçue pour fonctionner directement sur des corps mathématiques (corps de nombres premiers) de sorte que les preuves nécessitent moins de multiplications et sont beaucoup plus rapides.
Tout d'abord, comprenons cela : Qu'est-ce qu'un hachage ?
Un hachage est comme une machine qui prend des données de n'importe quelle taille et produit une « empreinte » de taille fixe.
Cette empreinte est si sensible qu'un changement minuscule dans les données change complètement l'empreinte.

Le réseau Dusk est plus qu'une simple autre cryptomonnaie de confidentialité. C'est un effort conscient pour créer une blockchain sur laquelle des transactions financières du monde réel peuvent avoir lieu sans révéler qui envoie quoi à qui et pourquoi. Pour y parvenir, le réseau s'appuie très fortement sur une liste restreinte de primitives cryptographiques très spécifiques : engagements de Pedersen, Bulletproofs, EdDSA, bLSAG, signatures BLS et preuves à divulgation nulle de connaissance en général.
Celles-ci ne sont pas sélectionnées parce qu'elles sont à la mode. Elles sont sélectionnées parce que chacune d'elles aborde un problème spécifique qui ne peut pas être résolu par des outils plus simples (ECDSA de base, hachages de base, clés publiques de base) sans compromettre la confidentialité ou la performance.

Dusk Network est une blockchain construite avec la confidentialité au cœur, faite pour le monde de la finance réglementée. L'équipe a soigneusement choisi ses outils cryptographiques : elle souhaite garder les choses privées, mais pas si privées que les régulateurs ne peuvent pas faire leur travail. En même temps, elle recherche la rapidité et l'efficacité sans compromettre la sécurité. Le livre blanc de 2024 l'explique : la cryptographie de Dusk permet aux utilisateurs de rester anonymes quand ils en ont besoin, mais elle laisse aussi de la place pour des audits appropriés. Les transactions se terminent rapidement et ne consomment pas une tonne de ressources. Décomposons pourquoi chaque outil cryptographique a été retenu et voyons comment ils aident avec le consensus, les transactions et le maintien d'un fonctionnement fluide.