The Move programming language was initially used to build the Diem blockchain. It was created by the Diem Association, which was a tech consortium backed by Meta. Although the blockchain was eventually discarded, Move is still in use today.

The Move programming language is an executable bytecode language. It implements smart contracts and custom transactions. Move aims to remedy problems arising from other blockchain programming languages, like Solidity. However, the basic goals of achieving digital scarcity and control over digital assets remain the same. Particularly, it also aims to prevent double-spending and enables the holders of digital assets to maintain ownership information.

In doing so, Move maximizes safety while maintaining a streamlined design and significantly lower gas costs than blockchains not built on Move.

How Does the Move Programming Language Work?

Move uses linear logic, meaning resources can only be used once and never copied or implicitly discarded. This allows developers to encode custom resource types that cannot be erased or duplicated and are treated better than others.

Move's static type system is where variables must be defined as a type (a number/word). It protects prioritized resources. Still, they can be used like regular elements and stored in data structures or supplied as values in calculations. Resources are also transparent in modules and hidden from being called up by external sources.

Moreover, modules in Move are flexible and safe since the relationship among modules, resources and procedures is like the relationship among classes, objects and methods in object-oriented programming.

Move can also verify all safety traits on-chain and support off-chain static verification tools. This greatly reduces complexities around on-chain verification. Its design is based on three core decisions:

—> The lack of dynamic dispatch avoids call graph construction and enables static determination of the call site. This allows Move to identify the effects of a procedure call more easily and without additional complexities.

—> Thanks to its modularity, modules can be isolated for functional verification, and they help with abstracting data and localizing critical operations on resources. Safety is guaranteed by encapsulating the module alongside the language's type system, meaning the code outside of a module cannot violate its types. Additionally, by examining isolated modules, it will provide thorough functional verification for significant module invariants.

—> Finally, its limited mutability allows using reference types similar to C++. References are vital to mutate each Move value, and typically the temporary values are created and destroyed within a transcription script. Similar to Rust, Move's bytecode verifier "borrow checks" to confirm at least one mutable reference.

—> Finally, Move rejects programs not following type safety, memory safety and resource safety. Instead, a high-level programming language with a compiler, responsible for checking the properties, can be used. The alternative is a low-level untyped assembly with safety checks.

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