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Singapore, Singapore, October 27th, 2026, Chainwire
The collaboration begins with Grvt’s subscription to Mirae Asset Securities’ tokenised funding notes, with potential future tokenised products (e.g., tokenised Treasuries, corporate bonds and ETFs) to be explored, subject to applicable regulatory requirements.
Mirae Asset Securities (HK) Limited, the Hong Kong subsidiary of Korea's leading securities firm, has arranged an issuance of tokenised funding notes under its affiliate’s structured notes programme, to which Grvt has subscribed. Grvt intends to use the resulting exposure in connection with Grvt Earn, subject to applicable requirements.
Grvt Earn is offered and operated independently by Grvt and is available only to eligible users in permitted jurisdictions. Grvt has subscribed for the notes. Any use of the resulting exposure in connection with Grvt Earn is independently determined and managed by Grvt.
From Tokenised Funding Notes to Tokenised ETFs
Tokenised funding notes are the starting point. The two firms will next explore additional tokenised products (including Treasuries and ETFs) on a non-committed and exploratory basis, subject to applicable regulatory approvals and product/compliance clearance.
Mirae Asset Financial Group oversees more than US$1 trillion in client assets worldwide as of Sep 2026. The parties intend to explore opportunities involving selected tokenised products, subject to applicable regulatory requirements.
The transaction represents an initial collaboration between the two firms. The parties may explore further opportunities involving tokenised products, subject to applicable legal and regulatory requirements and their respective internal approvals.
Mirae Asset Securities’ Digital Asset Expansion
Mirae Asset Securities has moved quickly to connect traditional finance and digital assets in 2026. In January, it became the first Korean securities firm to issue digital bonds in Hong Kong. In April, Mirae Asset Securities (HK) Limited became the first Korean-owned brokerage to receive the Securities and Futures Commission (“SFC”) approval to offer digital asset trading to retail investors. In July, it launched MAPS in Hong Kong, a single app for traditional and digital assets with products allowed by the SFC.
"When Korea's leading securities firm explores opportunities in tokenised assets, collaboration with market participants plays an important role. Grvt’s subscription to Mirae Asset Securities’ tokenised funding notes marks an initial step in this collaboration. Together, we intend to explore opportunities involving tokenised Treasuries, corporate bonds and, over time, ETFs for eligible investors in permitted jurisdictions, subject to applicable regulatory requirements.” Hong Yea, Co-founder and CEO, Grvt
“We see tokenisation as an important area of development for capital markets. Grvt’s subscription to this tokenised funding note issuance represents an opportunity to explore the use of tokenised securities in new market structures. We look forward to exploring further opportunities."
“This issuance marks a step forward in our digital asset strategy, bringing our structured product capabilities into tokenised markets. We look forward to exploring further opportunities with Grvt, subject to applicable regulatory requirements and internal approvals.” Kelly Sohn, Head of Digital Assets, Mirae Asset Securities (HK) Limited
About Grvt
Grvt is an onchain platform, live since 2024. Users trade, invest, and earn from a single account that only their own key can move. Grvt has served more than 198,000 wallets and reached a peak of US$109 million in total value locked on 22nd March 2026. It is backed by ZKsync, Further Ventures, 500 Global and Hack VC, and works with ecosystem partners including Ondo Finance, Aave, Morpho, Plume and OpenEden. Learn more at grvt.io.
About Mirae Asset Securities (HK) Limited
Mirae Asset Securities (HK) Limited (SFC CE No.: BJB333) is a member of the Mirae Asset Financial Group. Its parent company, Mirae Asset Securities Co., is one of the largest securities firms in South Korea. Established in Hong Kong, Mirae Asset Securities (HK) Limited serves as an important platform for connecting clients to global markets, supported by Mirae Asset’s international network, investment expertise, and long-standing commitment to innovation.
Disclaimer: This announcement is for information only and does not constitute an offer or solicitation to buy or sell any securities, virtual assets or other products. Grvt is not licensed or registered with the Securities and Futures Commission, and Grvt Earn has not been authorised by the SFC and is not offered to the public in Hong Kong. Grvt Earn is independently offered and operated by Grvt; its availability depends on jurisdiction and eligibility, and yields are variable and not guaranteed. Mirae Asset Securities (HK) Limited and its affiliates do not operate, distribute or recommend Grvt Earn and are not responsible for its operation, availability, performance or returns. Information about Grvt and Grvt Earn has been provided by Grvt and has not been independently verified by Mirae Asset Securities (HK) Limited or its affiliates.
ContactLesner ChuaGRVT ASIA PTE. LTDlesner.chua@grvt.io
Disclaimer: This is a sponsored press release and is for informational purposes only. It does not reflect the views of Bitzo, nor is it intended to be used as legal, tax, investment, or financial advice.

US stablecoin issuers face a major regulatory deadline on January 18, 2027, when the GENIUS Act and the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency's implementing regulations take effect.
Existing payment stablecoin businesses may be able to continue operating while their federal applications are under review, but that relief is not automatic.
Under OCC guidance issued October 21, an issuer with a substantially complete application pending by January 18 may request a waiver from certain requirements. The agency has not yet opened its application process.
The distinction matters for companies seeking to avoid interruptions to their US stablecoin operations.
What Changes Under the GENIUS Act in January 2027?
The GENIUS Act establishes a federal regulatory framework for payment stablecoin issuance.
Signed into law on July 18, 2025, it introduces requirements covering issuer authorisation, reserve backing, redemptions and supervisory oversight.
The OCC's final implementing rule was issued on October 21, 2026, and published in the Federal Register two days later.
The rules apply to specified entities under OCC jurisdiction, including eligible bank subsidiaries, federally qualified nonbank issuers, certain state-qualified issuers and foreign payment stablecoin issuers.
According to the OCC's final rule, issuing payment stablecoins in the United States generally requires permitted issuer status once the framework takes effect.
Digital asset service providers also face restrictions on offering or selling stablecoins issued by entities that do not meet the applicable requirements.
These restrictions make the January deadline important for both issuers and businesses distributing their tokens.
How Does the OCC Stablecoin Waiver Work?
The OCC has created a transitional route for qualifying issuers whose applications remain under review.
An issuer may request a waiver if it has submitted a substantially complete application to the OCC on or before January 18, 2027.
The waiver mechanism is particularly relevant to existing businesses seeking relief from the requirement to obtain approval before continuing to issue payment stablecoins.
Requirement OCC position GENIUS Act effective date January 18, 2027 Waiver eligibility Substantially complete application pending by the deadline Application status Intake not yet open Reason for delay Pending OMB approval of application information collection Waiver approval Must be requested; not automatic Main purpose Potential continuation of existing operations during application review
The OCC says this mechanism is intended to minimise disruption while existing issuers transition into the new framework.
However, submitting an application does not by itself establish that the issuer has permission to continue operations under every otherwise applicable requirement.
Does a pending application guarantee a waiver?
No.
The OCC's application and waiver bulletin establishes eligibility to request relief, not automatic approval.
The agency must consider the request under the relevant framework.
Issuers should therefore distinguish between having an application pending, being eligible to request a waiver and receiving an approved waiver.
When Will OCC Stablecoin Applications Open?
The OCC has not announced a firm opening date.
Before accepting applications, the agency must receive final approval from the Office of Management and Budget for the information collection associated with its application forms.
The OCC says it will issue a public announcement when it begins accepting applications and waiver requests.
That creates a timing challenge.
The January 18 compliance deadline is fixed, but the date on which businesses can begin submitting applications remains dependent on the separate approval process.
The OCC has also issued guidance on revised reporting forms.
Those forms concern weekly and quarterly reporting by issuers subject to OCC supervision. Their publication for comment should not be confused with the opening of the licensing process.
What Must Stablecoin Issuers Prepare?
The final rule establishes requirements across several operational areas.
Reserve management: Issuers must maintain qualifying assets supporting outstanding payment stablecoins in accordance with the applicable reserve standards.
Redemptions: The framework establishes requirements for redemption arrangements and the issuer's obligations towards eligible holders.
Risk management: Issuers must address operational, financial and custody-related risks.
Reporting and audits: The regulatory framework includes disclosure, reporting, auditing and supervisory obligations.
Capital and operational backstops: Covered issuers must satisfy applicable safeguards designed to support their operations and resilience.
These requirements are relevant to authorisation and ongoing supervision.
The OCC has made clear that applicants must satisfy the regulatory framework rather than simply provide proof that their tokens are backed by reserves.
Are Foreign Stablecoin Issuers Covered?
Yes, where the GENIUS Act and OCC rules apply.
The OCC's final regulations include provisions addressing foreign payment stablecoin issuers and the conditions under which they may access the US market.
The framework also includes supervisory requirements for foreign issuers.
Foreign incorporation does not automatically exempt a stablecoin business from US restrictions.
However, the specific obligations depend on the issuer's activities, regulatory status and the applicable statutory provisions.
This is especially relevant to internationally distributed dollar-backed stablecoins whose users include US residents.
What About Anti-Money-Laundering Rules?
The October OCC final rule does not complete every element of the GENIUS Act's implementation.
The agency specifically excluded regulations addressing the Bank Secrecy Act, anti-money-laundering requirements and Office of Foreign Assets Control sanctions from this rulemaking.
Those matters will be addressed separately in coordination with the US Treasury Department.
This does not mean applicable AML or sanctions obligations are suspended.
Businesses must continue complying with existing requirements while the remaining regulations are developed.
What Happens if an Issuer Misses the Deadline?
The OCC warns that noncompliance with the GENIUS Act after January 18, 2027, can carry criminal penalties.
An issuer that has not obtained the necessary authorisation, or does not qualify for applicable transitional relief, may face restrictions on continuing regulated activities.
The precise consequences depend on the conduct, the applicable provisions and any regulatory relief granted.
Existing issuers therefore have a practical reason to monitor the application's opening date and determine whether they can submit a substantially complete application before January 18.
A last-minute filing should not be assumed to satisfy the OCC's completeness standard.
What the GENIUS Act Deadline Means for Crypto Markets
The January deadline will test how smoothly existing stablecoin businesses can transition into the US federal regulatory framework.
The final rule provides clearer standards for reserves, redemptions, supervision and issuer operations. The waiver process offers a potential bridge for existing issuers awaiting approval.
But a significant procedural step remains unresolved: the OCC must still open its application system.
For stablecoin businesses, the immediate priority is determining the appropriate authorisation route, preparing the required information and understanding whether transitional relief may be available.
For exchanges and other digital asset service providers, the critical question is whether stablecoins offered to US customers meet the issuer eligibility requirements once the law takes effect.
The next important development will be the OCC's announcement that applications and waiver requests are open.
Disclaimer: This article is provided for informational purposes only. It is not offered or intended to be used as legal, tax, investment, financial, or other advice.

Castries, Saint Lucia, October 27th, 2026, Chainwire
PrimeXBT, a global multi-asset broker and crypto asset service provider, has announced a major expansion of its offering, introducing Tokenised Stocks, a new category of Crypto Futures available on its native PXTrader 2.0 platform. The launch gives crypto traders access to price movements linked to some of the world's most prominent companies, bringing opportunities from traditional equity markets into the crypto trading environment.
The new category includes seven USDT-denominated Crypto Futures linked to SpaceX (SPCX/USDT), NVIDIA (NVDA/USDT), Tesla (TSLA/USDT), Circle (CRCL/USDT), Apple (AAPL/USDT), Alphabet (GOOGL/USDT) and Robinhood (HOOD/USDT). Traders can take long or short positions and respond to market developments around the clock, including outside traditional stock exchange hours. The contracts provide exposure to company-linked price movements without ownership of the underlying shares.
“Big Tech remains at the centre of market attention, with AI investment, corporate earnings and growth expectations driving sentiment across global equities. Earnings season in particular can bring significant price movements, as investors reassess company performance and future prospects,” commented Jonatan Randin, Senior Market Analyst at PrimeXBT. “With tokenised stocks, we're opening up new opportunities to crypto traders, allowing them to participate in major equity market trends through a familiar crypto trading environment.”
Alongside Tokenised Stocks, PrimeXBT has added Lighter (LIT/USDT), Monad (MON/USDT), Venice Token (VVV/USDT), Canton (CC/USDT), Stable (STABLE/USDT), JUST (JST/USDT) and Midnight (NIGHT/USDT) to its PXTrader 2.0 lineup of over 170 Crypto Futures, further strengthening the depth and diversity of its offering across DeFi, AI, Gaming, Payments, Layer 1 and 2 networks, blockchain infrastructure, NFTs, Meme coins and the Metaverse. The broker has also introduced new Crypto CFDs on Monero (XMR/USD), Hyperliquid (HYPE/USD) and Zcash (ZEC/USD) on PXTrader 2.0, with corresponding USDT-quoted instruments available on MetaTrader 5.
PrimeXBT has also expanded its blockchain network support with the addition of Arbitrum, Optimism and Base, joining existing networks including Bitcoin, Ethereum, Tron, BNB Smart Chain and Solana. Additionally, the broker has added Tether Gold (XAUT), a tokenized gold asset, to its internal Exchange, expanding its offering of over 50 cryptocurrencies and digital assets.
The expanded offering is supported by flexible crypto funding and crypto-denominated accounts in USDT, USDC, BTC and ETH, allowing clients to trade without converting their holdings into fiat. PrimeXBT offers competitive Crypto Futures fees of 0.01% for makers and 0.045% for takers, with further discounts through its volume-based VIP program. New clients automatically receive VIP 4 status for their first 14 days, reducing Crypto Futures taker fees by 33%, while high-volume traders can unlock fees as low as 0.015% and Bitcoin CFD spreads from $19 at the highest VIP tier.
The launch reflects the growing convergence of crypto and traditional financial markets, bringing a wider range of global market trends into the crypto trading environment. From artificial intelligence and electric vehicles to space technology and digital finance, PrimeXBT continues to broaden trading opportunities beyond digital assets, reinforcing its position as an innovative multi-asset broker connecting markets through one trading ecosystem.
To learn more about the Crypto Futures offering, users can visit PrimeXBT’s website.
About PrimeXBT
PrimeXBT is a global multi-asset broker and crypto asset service provider trusted by traders in more than 150 countries. The platform bridges traditional and digital markets within one integrated environment, redefining versatility and innovation in online trading. Clients can access Forex, CFDs on indices, commodities, shares, crypto, and Crypto Futures, as well as buy, store and exchange cryptocurrencies. This unified experience extends across both the native PXTrader 2.0 platform and MetaTrader 5, supported by advanced risk-management tools and a wide range of funding options in crypto, fiat and local payment methods. Since 2018, PrimeXBT has focused on empowering traders through broad multi-asset access, fair and transparent conditions, professional-grade technology and dedicated human support. By combining expertise, trust and a client-first approach, PrimeXBT sets a benchmark of excellence in the financial industry and provides traders with the tools they need to trade, grow and succeed with confidence.
Disclaimer: The content provided here is for informational purposes only and is not intended as personal investment advice and does not constitute a solicitation or invitation to engage in any financial transactions, investments, or related activities. Past performance is not a reliable indicator of future results. The financial products offered by the Company are complex and come with a high risk of losing money rapidly due to leverage. These products may not be suitable for all investors. Before engaging, you should consider whether you understand how these leveraged products work and whether you can afford the high risk of losing your money. The Company does not accept clients from the Restricted Jurisdictions as indicated on its website / T&Cs. Some products and services, including MT5, may not be available in your jurisdiction. The applicable legal entity and its respective products and services depend on the client’s country of residence and the entity with which the client has established a contractual relationship during registration.
ContactPrimeXBTpr@primexbt.com
Disclaimer: This is a sponsored press release and is for informational purposes only. It does not reflect the views of Bitzo, nor is it intended to be used as legal, tax, investment, or financial advice.

Stablecoin issuers could hold approximately $400 billion in short-term US Treasury securities by 2030 if recent growth trends continue, according to research from the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco.
The projection highlights a shift in the US government debt market. Companies issuing dollar-backed cryptocurrencies, particularly Tether and Circle, have become significant buyers of short-term Treasury securities as demand for digital dollars expands.
In its September 28 research report, the San Francisco Fed estimated that the two largest stablecoin issuers increased their Treasury-related holdings by approximately $200 billion over five years.
The trend could strengthen demand for Treasury bills, although economists caution that growth in stablecoin reserves does not necessarily create an equivalent increase in total demand for US government debt.
Why Stablecoins Are Buying US Treasury Bills
Dollar-backed stablecoins are designed to maintain a value close to $1.
To support redemptions, issuers hold reserve assets that can be converted into dollars when customers redeem tokens.
Short-term US Treasury bills are attractive reserve assets because they are highly liquid, carry relatively low credit risk and mature within a limited period.
Tether and Circle also use cash, bank deposits and repurchase agreements as part of their reserve arrangements.
As stablecoin circulation grows, issuers generally need additional reserves.
If those reserves are invested in Treasury bills, new stablecoin issuance can translate into additional demand for US government debt.
The relationship also works in reverse: substantial stablecoin redemptions may require issuers to use cash or liquidate reserve investments.
How Much US Debt Do Stablecoin Issuers Hold?
The San Francisco Fed found that Treasury-related holdings at Tether and Circle had expanded more than tenfold over five years.
Their combined increase of approximately $200 billion represented more than 40% of the decline in China's Treasury holdings during the same period.
However, the comparison requires an important qualification.
China's reductions largely involved longer-term Treasury debt, while stablecoin issuers primarily accumulated short-term instruments.
The two flows therefore affect different parts of the Treasury market.
Indicator Finding Increase in Tether and Circle Treasury-related holdings Approximately $200B over five years Growth in holdings More than tenfold Comparison with China's Treasury holdings decline More than 40% Potential stablecoin Treasury demand by 2030 Approximately $400B Primary maturity preference Short-term Treasury securities
Source: Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, September 28, 2026. Its comparison includes Treasury bills and certain repurchase agreements.
The $400 billion figure is a conditional projection, not a guaranteed forecast.
It assumes that the recent expansion of stablecoin reserve holdings continues.
Tether and Circle Are Major Treasury Market Participants
Tether's reserve portfolio illustrates the scale of stablecoin-related demand.
The company's second-quarter 2026 disclosure reported total assets of approximately $187.75 billion and liabilities of $183.64 billion.
Tether also reported a reserve surplus of approximately $4.11 billion.
US government-backed instruments and short-term liquidity arrangements represented a substantial portion of its reserves.
Circle follows a similar broad approach, although its reserve structure and disclosures differ.
According to Circle's transparency dashboard, USDC had approximately $72.0 billion in circulation and $72.2 billion in reserves as of October 22.
Its disclosed reserve categories include bank deposits, short-term Treasury securities and overnight Treasury repurchase agreements.
Circle also publishes reserve information and obtains monthly independent assurance reports.
These figures demonstrate why stablecoin reserve management increasingly matters to conventional financial markets.
Can Stablecoins Lower US Treasury Yields?
Additional demand for Treasury bills can support their prices and, all else being equal, reduce their yields.
However, the impact depends on where stablecoin buyers obtain their dollars.
If an investor sells another Treasury-backed investment to purchase USDC, the stablecoin issuer may simply replace an existing holder of government debt.
In that situation, the net increase in Treasury demand could be limited.
A different outcome is possible when stablecoin purchases are funded by reallocations from assets that do not already hold Treasury securities.
The Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City has highlighted this distinction.
Stablecoin growth may increase direct demand for government debt while reducing demand for bank deposits or other financial assets.
That could also affect bank funding and the availability of credit.
Consequently, a larger stablecoin market does not automatically mean lower Treasury yields across every maturity.
How the GENIUS Act Changes Stablecoin Reserves
US regulation is becoming an important factor in how stablecoin issuers manage reserves.
The GENIUS Act, enacted in July 2025, establishes a federal framework for payment stablecoins.
On October 21, 2026, the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency issued its final implementing rule, published in the Federal Register on October 23.
The rule takes effect on January 18, 2027.
According to the OCC's official announcement, covered issuers must maintain qualifying reserves backing outstanding payment stablecoins on at least a one-to-one basis.
Eligible reserve assets include specified high-quality liquid instruments such as short-term US Treasury securities.
The framework also addresses liquidity, redemption procedures, reserve management and supervision.
For the Treasury market, the implications are straightforward.
As more stablecoin issuers operate within a framework requiring high-quality reserves, their asset purchases could become a more consistent source of demand for short-term government securities.
However, the size of that demand will still depend on actual stablecoin adoption and issuance.
What Happens if Stablecoin Demand Declines?
Reserve growth can support Treasury demand, but large-scale redemptions introduce a different risk.
When customers redeem stablecoins, issuers must provide the corresponding dollars.
If available cash is insufficient, they may need to liquidate Treasury bills or other eligible reserve assets.
Under ordinary market conditions, short-term government securities are relatively easy to sell.
During periods of financial stress, simultaneous redemptions across multiple issuers could increase pressure on liquidity.
The risk depends on reserve quality, maturity distribution and access to cash.
This is one reason regulatory requirements for liquidity management and timely redemption matter.
A properly structured reserve portfolio must support both routine withdrawals and periods of unusually high demand for redemptions.
Could Stablecoins Become Major Buyers of US Debt?
The San Francisco Fed's $400 billion projection illustrates how much stablecoin issuers could grow as Treasury investors.
Even at that scale, the sector would remain substantially smaller than the US government's overall financing requirements.
The more immediate impact would likely be concentrated in Treasury bills rather than long-term bonds.
For financial markets, three indicators deserve attention: growth in USDT and USDC circulation, changes in reserve composition and the volume of stablecoin redemptions.
Regulation will influence which reserve assets issuers can hold, while investor demand will determine how quickly those portfolios expand.
Stablecoins are becoming a meaningful part of the short-term Treasury market, but their ultimate impact on yields and financial stability depends on where the underlying capital originates and how reserves behave during market stress.
Disclaimer: This article is provided for informational purposes only. It is not offered or intended to be used as legal, tax, investment, financial, or other advice.

Buying a spot Bitcoin ETF and purchasing Bitcoin directly provide exposure to the same underlying asset, but they involve different costs, ownership rights and custody arrangements.
A spot Bitcoin exchange-traded product allows investors to buy shares through a brokerage account without managing cryptocurrency wallets. Direct BTC ownership allows investors to transfer Bitcoin on the network and, with self-custody, control their own private keys.
The differences have become more significant as competition among US Bitcoin funds has driven annual fees as low as 0.14% in 2026.
Bitcoin ETF vs Bitcoin: Key Differences
Feature Spot Bitcoin ETF/ETP Direct Bitcoin What investors own Shares of a Bitcoin investment trust BTC Custody Fund-appointed custodian Self-custody or exchange custodian Annual fund fee Varies by product No fund management fee Trading hours Exchange trading sessions 24/7 crypto markets Bitcoin transfers Generally unavailable to retail shareholders Supported Main costs Fund fees, brokerage costs, spreads Exchange fees, spreads, network fees Main risks BTC volatility, tracking, custody and fund structure BTC volatility, wallet security and platform risks
The SEC's investor guidance makes an important regulatory distinction: US spot Bitcoin products are generally exchange-traded commodity trusts, not investment companies registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940.
Although commonly called ETFs, they do not receive every protection applicable to traditional registered investment funds.
How Much Do Bitcoin ETFs Charge in 2026?
The annual sponsor fee is one of the clearest differences between owning BTC directly and holding a Bitcoin fund.
A comparison of US spot Bitcoin products, using published fee information current to October 22, 2026, shows substantial variation.
Fund Ticker Annual fee Morgan Stanley Bitcoin Trust MSBT 0.14% Grayscale Bitcoin Mini Trust BTC 0.15% Franklin Bitcoin ETF EZBC 0.19% Bitwise Bitcoin ETF BITB 0.20% ARK 21Shares Bitcoin ETF ARKB 0.21% iShares Bitcoin Trust IBIT 0.25% Fidelity Wise Origin Bitcoin Fund FBTC 0.25% Grayscale Bitcoin Trust GBTC 1.50%
Source: Bitcoin ETF fee comparison, October 22, 2026. Fees may change.
For a hypothetical $10,000 investment, the approximate first-year sponsor fee would be:
MSBT: $14
IBIT: $25
GBTC: $150
These figures assume the investment's value remains unchanged and exclude brokerage commissions and trading spreads.
Fund fees are generally reflected in the product's net asset value rather than charged as separate annual invoices.
Over longer holding periods, a persistent fee difference can affect total returns.
Direct Bitcoin ownership avoids the ETF sponsor fee, but investors may still pay exchange commissions, bid-ask spreads, network transaction fees and hardware-wallet costs.
Do Bitcoin ETF Investors Actually Own Bitcoin?
No. Retail investors purchasing spot Bitcoin ETF shares generally own securities issued by the fund rather than Bitcoin they can withdraw to a personal wallet.
The fund holds the underlying BTC through its custody arrangements.
For example, BlackRock explains that investors in its iShares Bitcoin Trust ETF, IBIT, own shares while the fund's Bitcoin is held by Coinbase Custody.
This structure provides economic exposure to BTC without requiring shareholders to manage private keys.
However, shareholders generally cannot transfer the fund's Bitcoin to an external wallet or spend it on the Bitcoin network.
Direct ownership works differently.
Someone holding BTC in a self-custodied wallet can authorise transactions, transfer funds between addresses and use compatible Bitcoin payment services.
That flexibility comes with responsibility for protecting wallet credentials.
Self-Custody vs ETF Custody: Which Has More Risk?
Neither arrangement eliminates risk. They expose investors to different failure scenarios.
Bitcoin self-custody
With self-custody, investors manage their private keys and recovery information.
The main advantage is independent control over transactions without requiring a trading platform to authorise withdrawals.
The main disadvantage is that losing access to private keys or recovery phrases may result in permanent loss of funds.
The SEC's crypto custody bulletin highlights these responsibilities, including the risks of lost devices, theft and compromised credentials.
Bitcoin ETF custody
An ETF investor does not personally manage the Bitcoin private keys.
Instead, the investment relies on the fund, its custodian and the brokerage and market infrastructure through which the shares are held and traded.
This removes much of the operational burden of self-custody but introduces dependence on intermediaries.
Investors should review the fund's custody arrangements, insurance disclosures, operational risks and prospectus.
Regulatory oversight does not guarantee protection against Bitcoin price declines or every possible custody loss.
Why Bitcoin ETF Returns Can Differ From BTC Prices
Spot Bitcoin products aim to track the underlying cryptocurrency, but their returns need not match Bitcoin's performance exactly.
Differences can arise from:
Annual sponsor fees.
Premiums or discounts between market price and net asset value.
Bid-ask spreads.
Trading hours and market liquidity.
Cash holdings or operational expenses permitted by the fund structure.
The distinction is particularly relevant during weekends.
Bitcoin trades continuously, while shares of US-listed spot Bitcoin products trade during available securities-market sessions.
If BTC moves sharply on Saturday or Sunday, ETF investors generally cannot react through ordinary ETF share trading until their market reopens.
The opening price may then reflect the change that occurred while stock exchanges were closed.
Is a Bitcoin ETF Better for Long-Term Investors?
The answer depends on what the investor needs from Bitcoin.
A spot Bitcoin ETF may be more convenient for investors who already manage securities through brokerage accounts, want familiar portfolio reporting or do not want responsibility for private-key management.
Direct Bitcoin may be more suitable for investors who prioritise self-custody, unrestricted on-chain transfers and ownership outside the conventional brokerage structure.
Fees also matter.
For investors holding BTC over many years, recurring fund costs can accumulate. However, direct custody involves its own security requirements and potential transaction expenses.
Tax treatment depends on jurisdiction, account structure and individual circumstances. ETF shares should not be assumed to receive the same treatment as direct BTC holdings in every country.
Bitcoin ETF or Direct BTC: What Should Investors Compare?
Before choosing between the two structures, investors should consider three practical questions.
What form of ownership is required? ETF shares offer price exposure; self-custodied Bitcoin provides direct control of the underlying asset.
What is the total cost? Compare ongoing fund charges with exchange fees, trading spreads and custody expenses.
Who is responsible for security? Self-custody places key management with the holder, while an ETF relies on professional custody and financial intermediaries.
The most important distinction is that a Bitcoin ETF is not simply Bitcoin stored in a different account.
It is a financial security designed to deliver exposure to Bitcoin's price.
For investors who only need portfolio exposure, that distinction may be acceptable. For those who want to hold, transfer and control BTC directly, it is fundamental.
Disclaimer: This article is provided for informational purposes only. It is not offered or intended to be used as legal, tax, investment, financial, or other advice.

Electrum released version 4.8.3 on Oct. 24 after disclosing a high-severity flaw that malicious servers were exploiting in the wild to substitute Bitcoin transactions and potentially redirect funds. The wallet said versions before 4.8.3 were affected, and that it had received two user reports, including one case in which a user lost funds after raising the fee on a substituted transaction.
Electrum 4.8.3 patches transaction-history signature validation
Electrum’s version 4.8.3 verifies signatures on unconfirmed transactions spending wallet-controlled coins before adding them to local transaction history, according to the project’s security advisory.
Electrum classified the vulnerability as high severity and said releases earlier than 4.8.3 are affected. The fix is intended to stop a server from introducing an invalid, conflicting transaction into a wallet’s transaction history during a critical stage of the payment flow.
Rogue servers substituted a conflicting payment before the RBF fee bump
The attack relied on a malicious Electrum server during a user’s attempt to increase the fee on a recently broadcast transaction through replace-by-fee, or RBF. Electrum said the server could replace the newly broadcast payment with a conflicting transaction that paid an attacker.
The user could then be prompted to sign an RBF fee increase for that replacement rather than for the original payment. In effect, the fee-bump action became the point at which the attacker-directed transaction could gain the user’s signature.
RBF is commonly used to accelerate an unconfirmed Bitcoin transaction by replacing it with a version that carries a higher fee. The reported vulnerability concerned how affected Electrum versions processed transaction information provided by their servers before the user signed that replacement.
Electrum confirms in-the-wild attacks and a reported loss
Malicious servers were carrying out the attack in the wild, Electrum said on Oct. 24. The project reported two user complaints, including one case in which a user lost funds after increasing the fee on a substituted transaction.
Users of releases before 4.8.3 were identified in Electrum’s advisory. The immediate step described in the reporting was to upgrade from older versions.
CoinDesk’s Oct. 26 report said at least one user had lost bitcoin and urged users to check recipient addresses and payment amounts before signing transactions.
Disclaimer: This article is provided for informational purposes only. It is not offered or intended to be used as legal, tax, investment, financial, or other advice.

Keystone said on October 26 that an attacker accessed 25,964 buyer records and 12,873 incomplete checkout records in a website breach. The hardware-wallet maker also suspended shipments after the intruder obtained a key used to verify device authenticity, forcing it to destroy affected inventory.
Keystone says 25,964 buyer records and 12,873 checkout records were accessed
The accessed buyer records contained names, contact details, shipping addresses and order information, Keystone said in a company statement. The company separately identified 12,873 incomplete checkout records, without detailing the fields contained in those records.
The disclosure gives a fuller measure of the incident than Keystone's initial notice, which focused on customer shipping information taken from its website.
Stolen authentication key forces shipment suspension and device destruction
Keystone said the attacker exploited a vulnerability in a third-party data-monitoring tool and obtained the device-authentication key used to verify whether a wallet is genuine. It said shipments were suspended as a result.
The company said it would destroy 18,835 inventory devices containing the old key. That action makes the episode an operational security incident as well as a disclosure involving customer and order data.
Keystone says wallet secrets and payment data were unaffected
Recovery phrases, private keys, wallet credentials and payment information were not exposed, according to The Crypto Times' report on Keystone's disclosure.
Keystone advised customers not to move assets solely because of the incident.
At the same time, the company warned that customers who received devices after October 20 may need additional authenticity checks. The cited information did not specify what those checks would involve.
Website intrusion was detected October 20
Keystone initially disclosed the intrusion on October 24. It said it detected unauthorized website access on October 20 and confirmed on October 23, after reviewing Shopify API activity, that customer shipping information had been obtained, according to Unchained.
The October 26 update added the number of affected buyer and checkout records, alongside the compromise of the device-authentication key and the resulting inventory destruction.
Disclaimer: This article is provided for informational purposes only. It is not offered or intended to be used as legal, tax, investment, financial, or other advice.

Ripple said on October 26 that the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency had granted final approval to charter Ripple National Trust Bank, making it a federally supervised national trust bank. The approval allows the new entity to take on reserve-management, collateral-trust and digital-asset custody functions, while RLUSD issuance remains with Ripple's existing New York-regulated trust company.
Final OCC approval completes Ripple’s national trust-bank charter
Ripple said the OCC had granted final approval for Ripple National Trust Bank’s national trust-bank charter, completing a process that started with the regulator’s preliminary conditional approval on December 12, 2025.
That December 12, 2025 OCC announcement listed Ripple National Trust Bank among conditionally approved national trust-bank applicants.
Ripple National Trust Bank will oversee RLUSD reserves and custody
The approved bank will manage segregated reserves backing Ripple USD, or RLUSD, and serve as collateral trustee for RLUSD holders, according to Ripple. It will also provide fiduciary digital-asset custody services.
That allocation places reserve administration and custody within the federally supervised trust-bank entity. Secondary reporting following the announcement likewise said the approval clears Ripple to manage RLUSD reserves and offer digital-asset custody.
Standard Custody remains RLUSD’s issuer
The charter does not shift the stablecoin’s issuance to Ripple National Trust Bank. RLUSD will continue to be issued by Standard Custody & Trust Company, Ripple’s limited-purpose trust company regulated by the New York Department of Financial Services.
The distinction separates the issuer from the new bank’s stated roles in managing segregated reserves, acting as collateral trustee and offering custody. Ripple’s announcement did not state a separate launch date or operational timetable for those services.
Disclaimer: This article is provided for informational purposes only. It is not offered or intended to be used as legal, tax, investment, financial, or other advice.

Coinbase and Thunes announced a strategic collaboration on Oct. 19 at Money20/20 USA in Las Vegas, linking Coinbase’s stablecoin infrastructure with Thunes’ global fiat payout network. The arrangement is designed to connect crypto-backed payment value with local payout channels, including bank accounts and mobile wallets.
Under the partnership, Coinbase will integrate Thunes’ Direct Global Network, while Thunes will use Coinbase’s stablecoin solutions across its network, according to the companies’ announcements. The two-way setup places Coinbase’s stablecoin capabilities alongside a network built for local clearing and disbursement rather than treating stablecoins as a standalone payment endpoint.
Coinbase connects to Thunes’ Direct Global Network
Thunes said Coinbase’s integration of the Direct Global Network will provide access to local clearing systems and real-time payouts.
Coinbase will integrate Thunes’ Direct Global Network, while Thunes will use Coinbase’s stablecoin solutions across its network. In its announcement, Coinbase described the collaboration as bringing its stablecoin infrastructure together with Thunes’ fiat payout network.
The arrangement gives each company a distinct role: Coinbase supplies stablecoin solutions, and Thunes provides the infrastructure for local fiat payout access.
Local clearing systems turn stablecoin value into payout options
For Coinbase, the integration creates a route from its stablecoin layer to Thunes’ local clearing systems. Thunes said those systems support real-time transfers to bank accounts and mobile wallets, giving the partnership a distribution mechanism beyond crypto wallets.
Independent coverage characterized the deal as a two-way infrastructure arrangement, with Coinbase contributing the stablecoin layer and Thunes extending access to local fiat payouts. Crypto Briefing reported that the payout access includes regions where banking infrastructure is limited.
Mobile-wallet delivery is consequential to the structure described by the companies because it gives recipients a payout option alongside bank accounts. The announcements frame the network connection as a way to support local settlement and disbursement paths across different markets, rather than requiring every recipient to receive or use stablecoins directly.
Coinbase and Thunes co-branded announcement graphic — Source: Coinbase
Thunes cites 140-country reach and 220 payment methods
Thunes said its Direct Global Network supports real-time payments in more than 140 countries and over 90 currencies, connecting to more than 12 billion mobile wallets, stablecoin wallets and bank accounts through more than 220 payment methods.
The figures represent the network’s stated infrastructure reach—not payment volume from the Coinbase arrangement. As described by Thunes, Coinbase’s integration would provide access to local clearing systems and real-time payouts to bank accounts and mobile wallets.
Supplier, gig-worker and remittance payments are the initial use cases
Coinbase and Thunes said the collaboration targets enterprise supplier payments, gig-worker payouts and international remittances.
According to the companies, the arrangement links Coinbase’s stablecoin layer with Thunes’ local fiat payout network across the markets and payment methods supported by Thunes’ network.
Disclaimer: This article is provided for informational purposes only. It is not offered or intended to be used as legal, tax, investment, financial, or other advice.

OpenZeppelin said on October 20 that it embedded Chainlink’s Cross-Chain Interoperability Protocol, or CCIP, and Automated Compliance Engine, known as ACE, into its developer tooling, while establishing a migration path from OpenZeppelin Defender to Chainlink’s Runtime Environment, or CRE.
According to OpenZeppelin’s announcement, the integration is available in OpenZeppelin Wizards, its AI tooling, Skills and documentation; UI Builder support is planned for a future release. The move gives teams using OpenZeppelin’s contract-generation workflow selectable options for cross-chain token functionality and transaction-policy controls, particularly for stablecoin or real-world-asset token systems that need rules for transfers and issuance without designing those connections from scratch.
CCIP and ACE in OpenZeppelin tools
With CCIP and ACE options, OpenZeppelin’s Contracts Wizard can generate ERC-20, stablecoin and RWA tokens, according to the company’s documentation. CCIP handles cross-chain token-pool integration; ACE routes transfer and mint-or-burn operations through a configurable Policy Engine.
The product placement matters because Wizards is intended to turn contract choices into deployable code. Rather than requiring developers to separately incorporate Chainlink’s components after producing a base token contract, the announced options place those choices in the contract-development flow.
Chainlink described CCIP 2.0, announced on September 28, as offering built-in compliance functionality for KYC, anti-money-laundering checks, transaction limits and other controls defined by an issuer on cross-chain transactions. The OpenZeppelin integration is an implementation channel for those underlying capabilities; the scope of controls still depends on how an issuer configures and operates its policies.
Configurable compliance policies
The new options cover token standards including ERC-20 and ERC-3643, OpenZeppelin said. The available controls include sanctions screening, KYC checks, volume limits and Secure Mint.
ACE’s Policy Engine is central to the design. Transfers and mint-and-burn activity can be routed through that layer, separating policy handling from the core token contract. OpenZeppelin says compliance policies can then be updated without redeploying the core token contract.
That separation can reduce the need to alter a token’s foundational contract when operational requirements change. It does not itself determine which jurisdictions, counterparties or policy providers an issuer must use; the announcement describes technical controls rather than a standardized compliance program.
For cross-chain activity, CCIP provides the token-pool integration, while ACE supplies the policy-routing mechanism within the generated-token workflow. The arrangement is intended to make those controls available when developers select token features, rather than leave compliance logic solely to downstream customization.
Capabilities of Chainlink CCIP 2.0, including additive security, configurable settlement speeds, and built-in compliance. — Source: Chainlink
Defender migration and reference solutions
OpenZeppelin said the partners are establishing a migration path from Defender to Chainlink Runtime Environment (CRE).
OpenZeppelin and Chainlink plan to deliver three institutional reference solutions combining OpenZeppelin smart contracts with CRE workflows. According to OpenZeppelin, the planned solutions are to include deployable code, architecture documentation, threat models, security considerations and internal quality reviews.
CCIP and ACE integration is live across OpenZeppelin Wizards, AI tooling, Skills and documentation, while UI Builder support remains planned for a future release.
Disclaimer: This article is provided for informational purposes only. It is not offered or intended to be used as legal, tax, investment, financial, or other advice.

Webull plans to begin offering perpetual futures to eligible U.S. customers in November, starting with Bitcoin and selected other crypto assets through existing Webull Futures accounts. The brokerage said broader availability is expected before the end of 2026 in its October 20 announcement.
The rollout would bring a type of derivative commonly associated with crypto trading venues into Webull's U.S. futures offering. Unlike conventional futures, perpetual futures do not have a stated expiry date; Webull said the positions will be subject to periodic funding payments and maintenance-margin rules.
November rollout through Webull Futures accounts
Webull said eligible customers will be able to access the initial contracts without opening a separate product account, using their existing Webull Futures accounts. Bitcoin will be among the first contracts, alongside a select group of other crypto assets, though the company did not identify the additional assets in its announcement.
The company set November as the start date for the U.S. offering rather than providing a specific launch day. It expects availability to widen before year-end, leaving the pace and scope of that expansion to be determined after the initial rollout.
For Webull customers already using futures accounts, the arrangement places the new contracts alongside an established account framework. The announcement does not specify contract sizes, trading hours, funding intervals or the number of crypto-linked perpetual futures expected at launch.
KalshiEX listing and Kalshi Klear clearing
The contracts are to be listed on KalshiEX, a Commodity Futures Trading Commission-regulated designated contract market, and cleared through Kalshi Klear, a CFTC-regulated derivatives clearing organization, according to Reuters.
That structure is central to the planned offering. KalshiEX would provide the exchange venue where the contracts are listed, while Kalshi Klear would provide the clearing function for the trades. The arrangement differentiates the planned Webull product from offerings available solely through offshore crypto platforms, while retaining the perpetual-contract format.
The CFTC on May 29 approved KalshiEX's BTCPERP contract, allowing a perpetual futures contract referencing Bitcoin's spot price to be listed as a futures contract. The agency's approval announcement established the regulatory route for the Bitcoin-referenced contract that underpins the market structure cited for Webull's launch.
Webull's announcement therefore arrives months after the BTCPERP approval and ties its planned customer access to the KalshiEX and Kalshi Klear framework. The company has not said whether every contract it ultimately makes available will track Bitcoin or which other crypto assets will be included in the initial selection.
Funding payments and margin liquidation
Webull said perpetual-futures positions will involve periodic funding payments and may be automatically liquidated if maintenance-margin requirements are not met.
The November rollout will initially focus on Bitcoin and selected other crypto assets, with broader availability expected before the end of 2026. Webull said products beyond crypto may follow, subject to regulatory review and exchange-listing requirements.
Disclaimer: This article is provided for informational purposes only. It is not offered or intended to be used as legal, tax, investment, financial, or other advice.

Switzerland’s Financial Market Supervisory Authority, FINMA, announced on October 20 that it had approved the country’s first exchange-traded retail fund investing directly in Bitcoin. The product, BIT Asset Management’s Bitcoin Fund ETF, ticker BBIT, is expected to begin trading on SIX Swiss Exchange in November 2026.
The approval opens a regulated retail-fund route to direct Bitcoin exposure in Switzerland, but under an alternative-investment framework carrying specific risk rather than as a conventional diversified retail fund.
FINMA approves BBIT as direct-Bitcoin retail fund
FINMA said the fund is Switzerland’s first exchange-traded retail fund to invest directly in Bitcoin. The regulator classified it as an “other fund for alternative investments” with specific risk under Swiss law.
BIT Asset Management confirmed the approval on October 22 and said BBIT was expected to start trading on SIX in November. Reporting on October 26 also identified BBIT as the first Swiss retail fund with direct Bitcoin exposure and retained that expected timetable.
Diversification exemption under alternative-fund rules
The authorization includes an exemption from applicable risk-diversification requirements. FINMA said it granted that relief in light of Bitcoin’s long trading history and comparatively high trading volume.
That exemption is central to the fund’s structure: direct Bitcoin exposure would otherwise sit uneasily with diversification rules applicable to retail investment products. FINMA’s classification instead places BBIT in the alternative-investment category, explicitly identifying the fund as one with specific risk.
Custody and investor safeguards remain conditions
FINMA said the approval came with safeguards covering custody and operational risks, investor suitability and risk disclosures. Those conditions frame retail access to the product alongside the diversification exemption.
The regulator did not present the approval as removing Bitcoin’s risks. Rather, its framework permits the direct-Bitcoin fund while requiring protections around how the asset is held, how operational risks are managed and how the product is presented to investors.
BBIT’s next announced milestone is the planned November start of trading on SIX Swiss Exchange.
Disclaimer: This article is provided for informational purposes only. It is not offered or intended to be used as legal, tax, investment, financial, or other advice.

Spin a slot from a major studio, and the result comes from a random number generator on that studio's server. Roll a provably fair dice game, and the result comes from seeds the player can check afterwards.
Both games look similar on screen, yet their results travel very different paths. One relies on certified software and audits, while the other relies on cryptography and, in some cases, a smart contract.
The origin of each result shapes what a player can verify, who controls the outcome and which protections apply.
Three Sources of a Casino Result
Crypto casino lobbies mix several game types under one roof. The table compares where each result comes from and how players can check it.
Game type
Result source
How it gets checked
Studio slot
Certified RNG on the provider's server
Lab testing and licence audits
Provably fair original
Server seed, client seed and nonce combined
Player verifies the hash after each round
Fully on-chain game
Smart contract plus an on-chain randomness source
Anyone can inspect the contract and transactions
Live dealer table
Physical cards, wheels or dice on camera
Studio controls and regulation
Last verified: October 2026
Provably fair systems let players confirm a round wasn't altered after the bet. Bitzo's guide to how provably fair verification works walks through the steps.
Studio Slots Rely on Certified Software
Major providers run their RNGs on their own servers. Testing labs such as GLI, eCOGRA, iTech Labs and BMM check that the output stays random and that payouts match the published return to player.
Players cannot verify a single studio spin themselves. Trust rests on the lab certificate, the provider's licence and the casino's choice of RTP build, since studios often offer several return settings for the same title.
Third-party games verify differently for that reason, as an explainer on why third-party games work this way describes.
Provably Fair Originals Rely on Cryptography
Provably fair games commit to a hashed server seed before the bet. After the round, the casino reveals the seed, and the player can recombine it with their own client seed and the nonce to reproduce the result.
This method proves the casino didn't change the outcome after seeing the bet. It doesn't prove the game's long-term return, which depends on the payout table the casino sets.
Fully On-Chain Games Go Further
Some Web3 casinos run games entirely through smart contracts. Randomness comes from an on-chain source such as a verifiable random function, and every bet and payout appears as a public transaction.
These games remove the casino's server from the result path. They also make every bet public and add smart contract risk if the code contains a flaw.
Licensed Lobbies Mix Both Types
Licensed crypto casinos usually offer far more studio slots than provably fair games. Certification requirements and provider agreements shape that balance, as a look at provably fair games in a licensed lobby explains.
Players who value self-verification can filter for provably fair titles, while those who want branded studio content accept the audit-based model.
Dexsport's Lobby Across Both Models
Dexsport marks 62 games as provably fair inside a library of 7,500-plus titles. Around 3,300 slots come from more than 45 studios, and roughly 870 live tables add the camera-based model.
Dexsport's provably fair section suits players who want to check rounds themselves, while its studio slots follow provider certification. Casino play counts twice toward its pre-withdrawal wagering rule.
Dexapp LTD holds the Anjouan licence behind Dexsport, whose terms allow ID requests whenever needed.
Conclusion
Studio slots draw results from certified RNGs on provider servers, checked by testing labs and licence audits. Provably fair originals combine server and client seeds that players can verify after each round.
Fully on-chain games move the result into a smart contract with on-chain randomness, making every bet public. Live tables rely on physical equipment and studio controls.
Dexsport combines 62 provably fair titles with around 3,300 studio slots and roughly 870 live tables. Match the game type to the kind of verification you value. Countries set their own casino rules, so confirm the local rules, play only after reaching legal age and remember that KYC or AML checks may apply.


Disclaimer: The information here is provided for general purposes only and is not legal, tax, investment, or financial advice. Game counts, providers, verification methods and licences change over time and vary by country, so check each casino's current lobby and terms before you play. Gambling involves risk, and rules vary by country, so check the law where you live. Please play responsibly, within your means, and only if you are of legal age.

Three questions decide how a sportsbook handles personal data. How long does it keep records, who receives them and what happens when a bettor asks for deletion?
Crypto sportsbooks answer those questions in privacy policies of very different quality. Some name retention periods and partner types clearly, while others rely on broad wording that leaves most decisions to the operator.
Retention, sharing and deletion terms together show how ten crypto sportsbooks document the data they hold on bettors.
Three Questions a Policy Should Answer
Every privacy policy covers these points with varying precision. The table pairs each one with what a clear answer looks like.
Question
Clear answer
Vague answer
Retention
Fixed periods per data type, often tied to AML duties
Open-ended wording with no periods
Partners
Categories named, including odds platforms and identity vendors
Unnamed third parties
Deletion
Contact route and the records that must stay
Rights mentioned without a process
Applicable law
Jurisdiction named for data disputes
No jurisdiction given
Last verified: October 2026
Sportsbooks gather different data depending on the account route and the stage of verification. Bitzo's look at how much personal data a crypto sportsbook needs breaks down those layers.
Why Sportsbook Policies Differ From Casino Ones
Sportsbooks share more data with outside parties than many casinos. Odds platforms, official data providers and integrity monitors all touch betting records, and a thorough policy names those partner types.
Licensing adds another variable. Anjouan, Curaçao and other frameworks set different expectations for data handling, as a comparison of licensing regimes explains.
10 Crypto Sportsbooks Compared on Privacy Policies
Policy clarity on retention, partners and deletion drives the order, with signup requirements and the ease of reaching a data contact as further factors. Entries end on one caution apiece.
1. Dexsport
Dexsport puts links to its privacy policy and terms inside the signup window itself, next to six wallets, Google, Telegram and an email passcode. Its terms commit to deleting data gathered from restricted-country accounts under that privacy policy.
Dexsport can ask for identity documents at any point, so the data on file grows with account activity. Dexapp LTD holds an Anjouan licence.
2. Stake
Stake's standalone policy names Medium Rare N.V. as controller and sorts bettor data into identity, contact, payment and device groups. Help articles explain what each KYC level adds.
Stake collects a birth date at registration, before any bet, and parts of its retention section stay general. Curaçao licenses its operator.
3. Cloudbet
Cloudbet keeps a dedicated privacy page and backs it with help articles on accounts and responsible play. Bettors join with an email and password.
Cloudbet's retention section speaks in broad terms, so bettors wanting exact periods should ask support. Its licence comes from Curaçao.
4. BC.Game
BC.Game describes the data it gathers from each of its many entry routes, which include phone numbers and social profiles as well as wallets. Casino and sportsbook share one policy.
BC.Game splits privacy details over more than one page, so finding the retention rules takes some digging. Its operator holds an Anjouan licence.
5. Shuffle
Shuffle's footer leads to a privacy policy naming Natural Nine B.V., and accounts open by email or wallet. Help articles cover verification on their own pages.
Shuffle treats wallet data briefly in its policy, so bettors who connect a wallet should read that part closely. Its help centre handles verification questions separately.
6. Roobet
Roobet applies one privacy document to its sportsbook, casino and prediction markets. New accounts need a username, password and email.
Roobet's combined document means bettors must pick out the parts relevant to sports. Its operator, Raw Entertainment B.V., holds a Curaçao licence.
7. Sportsbet.io
Sportsbet.io operates under group policies shared with sister brands, and the footer changes its licence notice by country. Registration takes an email and password.
Sportsbet.io's group documents apply to more than one brand, so the controlling entity deserves confirmation. Detail on retention differs from section to section.
8. Thunderpick
Thunderpick pairs its privacy policy with terms written around an esports-first sportsbook, and joining takes an email address.
Thunderpick describes some data partners only in general language, and its restricted territories include several countries. Its licence comes from Curaçao.
9. Lucky Block
Lucky Block's footer links the policies covering its sportsbook and casino together, and bettors register by email or WalletConnect.
Lucky Block's retention terms read as general, according to third-party reviews, so specific questions belong with support. Those sources cite a Curaçao licence.
10. Mega Dice
Mega Dice applies one policy set to its website and its Telegram access, with email and WalletConnect as further entry routes.
Mega Dice names few of its data partners, and its blocked-country list deserves a read before signup. Reviewers report a Curaçao licence.
Ten Minutes With a Policy Before the First Bet
Policies reward a short, targeted read. Retention periods, partner types and the deletion route matter most, while marketing consent and cookie sections can wait.
On-chain activity falls outside every policy. Deposits, withdrawals and contract bets stay public on their networks whatever the operator deletes, so wallet history deserves the same thought as account data.
Bettors comparing cash and crypto often weigh privacy alongside fees and speed, as an article on Bitcoin betting versus cash sets out.
Conclusion
Privacy policies at crypto sportsbooks differ most on retention periods, partner disclosure and deletion routes. Sportsbooks share betting data with odds platforms, data providers and integrity monitors, so clear partner lists matter more than at many casinos.
Dexsport heads this comparison with policy links on its signup screen and a one-identifier start. Stake, Cloudbet, BC.Game, Shuffle, Roobet, Sportsbet.io, Thunderpick, Lucky Block and Mega Dice follow, with documents ranging from detailed to loosely worded.
Spend ten minutes on the policy before the first deposit. Sports betting rules depend on the jurisdiction, so confirm what applies to you, wager only at legal age and keep in mind that KYC or AML checks may apply.


Disclaimer: The information here is provided for general purposes only and is not legal, tax, investment, or financial advice. Privacy policies, signup routes and licences change over time and vary by country, and some details come from third-party reviews, so read each sportsbook's current privacy policy and terms before you sign up. Betting involves risk, and rules vary by country, so check the law where you live. Please bet responsibly, within your means, and only if you are of legal age.

The US Securities and Exchange Commission has clarified how blockchain-based trading venues can begin offering tokenized US stocks under its Innovation Exemption.
In guidance published October 20, 2026, SEC staff confirmed that qualifying venues must publish a public notice at least 30 calendar days before starting operations. Companies whose shares are tokenized by unaffiliated third parties also have a defined opportunity to object.
The guidance addresses practical requirements under the SEC's September 17 exemption, which permits limited on-chain stock trading without requiring qualifying venues to register as conventional securities exchanges.
What Are the SEC Tokenized Stock Rules?
The Innovation Exemption creates a temporary regulatory framework for Tokenized Securities Venues (TSVs).
These venues can facilitate trading in qualifying tokenized National Market System (NMS) stocks through permissioned automated market makers and liquidity pools.
The SEC's September 17 order grants conditional relief from certain exchange-registration requirements.
It also provides separate, conditional relief for eligible liquidity providers from the statutory definition of a dealer.
The exemption is not a general authorisation for unrestricted tokenized securities trading.
Participating venues must meet requirements covering investor rights, trading activity, disclosure and underlying security eligibility.
SEC Confirms 30-Day Public Notice Requirement
The October guidance clarifies when a tokenized securities venue should publish its required notice.
A TSV must display a notice prominently on its publicly accessible website at least 30 calendar days before beginning operations.
The notice must describe the venue's operating arrangements and access standards.
Importantly, the SEC staff says venues should publish the notice only after their operational systems and access standards have been established and are ready for production.
This prevents operators from relying on preliminary disclosures that do not accurately describe the trading environment they intend to launch.
The notice must also remain current. If relevant operational details change, the venue must update its disclosures.
For companies planning tokenized stock platforms, the requirement establishes a minimum disclosure period before trading can begin.
Can Companies Block Tokenized Versions of Their Stocks?
Yes, in certain circumstances.
Under the Innovation Exemption, an issuer can object when an unaffiliated third party seeks to make a tokenized version of its stock available for trading on a TSV.
The SEC's October guidance explains how the objection process interacts with public trading notices.
A venue can identify a tokenized stock in its public notice while the issuer's objection period remains open.
However, the venue cannot make that stock available for trading until the applicable notice requirements have been satisfied.
If the issuer submits a timely objection, the venue must update its public disclosures and cannot offer that tokenized stock for trading under the exemption.
How the issuer objection process works
Stage Requirement Issuer notification Venue notifies the underlying stock issuer where required Objection period Issuer has 30 calendar days to object Public disclosure Venue identifies eligible assets and any pending objection period No timely objection Trading may proceed once all applicable requirements are met Timely objection Venue cannot offer the affected tokenized stock
This mechanism gives listed companies a degree of control over unaffiliated tokenization arrangements.
It does not mean every tokenized stock requires the same third-party issuer-notification process. The SEC distinguishes between issuer-authorised tokenization and tokens created by unaffiliated parties.
Tokenized Shares Must Preserve Shareholder Rights
The SEC's exemption requires qualifying tokenized stocks to provide holders with the same rights and privileges as equivalent conventional shares.
That includes applicable dividend and voting rights.
The distinction is important because some crypto products provide synthetic exposure to stock prices without giving investors ownership rights equivalent to those attached to the underlying shares.
The Innovation Exemption does not broadly permit such synthetic products.
A venue must verify that eligible tokenized securities satisfy the required standards.
The framework also limits the number of securities and the trading volume permitted under the exemption.
These conditions distinguish the programme from an unrestricted blockchain stock exchange.
Smart Contracts and Trading Halts Face Additional Requirements
The SEC imposes specific technical and market-integrity conditions.
Smart contracts used by tokenized securities venues must be publicly auditable and deployed on a public, permissionless distributed ledger.
At the same time, access to the relevant trading systems operates within the exemption's permissioned framework.
The SEC also requires trading in a tokenized stock to stop when trading in the underlying security is halted on its primary listing exchange.
For example, a trading halt affecting an underlying US-listed stock must be reflected by the tokenized venue.
This requirement helps prevent tokenized markets from continuing to trade securities while the conventional market is subject to a regulatory or exchange-imposed halt.
Venues must also disclose information about their operations, trading activity and relevant affiliated trading activity.
Does the SEC Exemption Allow Anyone to Launch a Stock Exchange?
No.
A qualifying operator must meet the exemption's conditions and provide the required notifications.
The SEC maintains a public list of entities that have notified the agency of their intention to operate under the framework.
Notification alone should not be confused with unrestricted SEC approval or a guarantee that a platform meets every applicable requirement.
The exemption is temporary and conditional.
It is scheduled to expire five years after publication of the underlying order unless the regulatory framework changes.
The SEC has also requested public comments that could inform future rules for on-chain securities trading.
What the New SEC Guidance Means for Crypto Platforms
For exchanges, blockchain developers and tokenization providers, the October clarification makes three requirements particularly important.
First, operational arrangements must be sufficiently developed before the public notice is issued.
Second, venues seeking to list securities tokenized by unaffiliated third parties must account for issuer objections.
Third, tokenized shares must preserve equivalent shareholder rights and comply with the SEC's trading restrictions.
These requirements may increase the legal and operational work involved in launching a compliant venue.
They also establish clearer expectations for projects seeking to connect blockchain infrastructure with US equity markets.
For investors, the central distinction is between a blockchain token representing legally recognised stockholder rights and a product offering only economic exposure to a share price.
The SEC's framework addresses the former under narrowly defined conditions.
What Happens Next for Tokenized US Stocks?
The October 20 guidance provides practical clarification for venues preparing to operate under the Innovation Exemption.
It does not replace the underlying order or create a new securities law.
Future developments will depend on whether qualifying platforms satisfy the operating conditions, how issuers respond to third-party tokenization requests and whether the SEC introduces more permanent rules.
The immediate significance is clear: blockchain-based stock trading has a defined regulatory pathway, but participation depends on disclosures, investor-rights protections and compliance with the exemption's limits.
For tokenization companies, meeting those conditions is now as important as developing the underlying blockchain technology.
Disclaimer: This article is provided for informational purposes only. It is not offered or intended to be used as legal, tax, investment, financial, or other advice.

New York, United States, October 26th, 2026, Chainwire
Ritual Chain turns AI agents into persistent economic actors that control their own wallets, onchain identity, and private state.
Ritual, a lab for autonomous intelligence founded by former Polychain Capital partners Niraj Pant and Akilesh Potti, has launched Ritual Chain, an EVM-compatible Layer 1. Unlike conventional blockchains built primarily to execute financial transactions, Ritual Chain is designed to support software that can independently use intelligence, control capital, interact with external services, and continue operating without constant human intervention. The network makes AI model access, private computation, and autonomous scheduling native capabilities for EVM applications.
This makes the reason for building a new chain clearer while preserving the technical differentiation.
The most visible demonstration of that combination is long-lived AI agents, the kind designed to operate for months or years rather than a single session. An agent on Ritual Chain persists independently of the machine or operator that created it, controls and spends funds held in its own non-custodial wallet, and can keep sensitive prompts and keys confidential from compute operators through trusted execution environments.
The network launches with integrations to Phala Network, Nous Research, LayerZero and Stargate, following a public testnet that has been live since June and processed over 40 million transactions, both agent- and human-originated. Ritual Chain delivers sub-300 millisecond block times, placing it among the fastest Layer 1 networks in the industry. Ritual Chain includes 15 native precompiles that bring capabilities like LLM inference, web access, and autonomous scheduling directly into the execution layer. The protocol has been audited by Zellic.
Ritual introduces a new execution and verification architecture that allows computationally intensive work to be delegated to specialized nodes and verified by the network, avoiding the replicated execution required by most blockchains. This execute-once, verify-many-times model allows the network to support far larger workloads, including AI inference, without requiring every validator to perform the same computation.
Long Horizon Agents Require Dedicated Blockchain Infrastructure
Most AI agents today live inside a session: they run while a human is watching, on infrastructure someone else controls, with an API key that can be revoked at any time. That is fine for a chatbot. It does not work for an agent meant to manage its own treasury, run a recurring paid service, or coordinate with other agents over long periods. A long-lived agent needs continuity that does not depend on its creator, capital it actually controls, and privacy from the machines it runs on. On Ritual Chain, an agent's state and identity are held onchain, its scheduled work continues within the permissions and budget it was given, and its sensitive inputs can be processed inside trusted execution environments designed to shield them from node operators.
Continuity is handled at the protocol level. If an agent stops, the chain's heartbeat mechanism can restart it within the permissions and budget it was given; no keeper network or off-chain cron job is required, and an agent's state and identity survive beyond its deployer's involvement. Economic autonomy comes from agent-controlled wallets: an agent controls its own funds, prices its own services, and settles its own transactions without a human signer in the loop. For confidential workloads, trusted execution environments are designed to isolate an agent’s sensitive prompts, keys, and strategy data from the node operators running its compute.
“As we move toward AGI, intelligence is beginning to separate from human agency and enter the economy on its own terms. It can hold assets, make commitments, transact, and persist independently. Once that becomes possible at scale, humans are no longer the only entities capable of forming markets or economic relationships. Ritual provides the infrastructure for those actors to exist and operate on their own,” said Niraj Pant, co-founder of Ritual.
Ritual Chain Launches With Core Infrastructure Partners
Ritual Chain launches with its core infrastructure partners in place. Phala Network provides the GPU-backed trusted execution environments that run Ritual's confidential inference, so delegated AI work executes on hardware that attests to what it ran. LayerZero serves as the network's cross-chain messaging layer, with Stargate enabling USDC to move between Ritual Chain and other networks from day one. On the application side, Nous Research is bringing Hermes to Ritual Chain.
Unlike chains that add AI access through external oracles, Ritual Chain makes AI execution part of the protocol. Smart contracts can call a language model, fetch data from the web, run private computation, or schedule their own future execution as directly as they transfer assets. Developers deploy standard EVM contracts and gain those capabilities without new tooling.
Backed by Archetype and Polychain
Ritual has raised more than $30 million from Archetype and Polychain Capital, with advisors including NEAR co-founder Illia Polosukhin, Gauntlet founder Tarun Chitra, and BitMEX co-founder Arthur Hayes. Archetype led the company’s 2023 round.
“Programmable value and programmable intelligence are the two most important technologies since the internet, and Ritual mainnet is where they finally run on the same rails. When we led the round in 2023, a chain that could execute agentic and autonomous work natively did not exist. Today it does,” said Ash Egan, Founder and General Partner of Archetype.
Developers can deploy from day one on external sites hosted at docs.ritualfoundation.org; the network explorer is at explorer.ritualfoundation.org.
About Ritual
Ritual is a lab for autonomous intelligence. Its first network, Ritual Chain, is an EVM-compatible Layer 1 where applications can use AI models, access external services, and carry out private or scheduled work alongside onchain transactions, with delegated computation executed in trusted hardware and verified onchain. Founded in 2023 by former Polychain Capital partners Niraj Pant and Akilesh Potti, Ritual has raised $30M+ from Archetype and Polychain Capital, with a team drawn from Polychain, DeepMind, a16z crypto, Flashbots, and Palantir. ritual.net
ContactJody RebakRitualjody@ritual.net
Disclaimer: This is a sponsored press release and is for informational purposes only. It does not reflect the views of Bitzo, nor is it intended to be used as legal, tax, investment, or financial advice.

US Treasury yields are hovering near 5%, putting pressure on financial markets as investors weigh persistent inflation, elevated oil prices and the Federal Reserve's next interest-rate decision.
The benchmark 10-year Treasury yield traded around 4.97% on October 26, down from a multi-year high above 5.3% earlier this month. Meanwhile, Bitcoin traded near $80,000 and gold remained close to $4,000 an ounce.
The bond market has become a major driver of risk sentiment. With US government debt offering relatively attractive yields, investors face a different calculation when allocating money to stocks, gold and cryptocurrencies.
Why Are US Treasury Yields Near 5%?
Treasury yields reflect several factors, including expected interest rates, inflation, economic growth and the compensation investors require for holding longer-term debt.
The 10-year yield reached approximately 5.31% in early October before retreating as investors sought government bonds during a technology-led stock market selloff.
According to Reuters' October 26 market report, the 10-year yield was around 4.974% on Monday, while the 30-year yield stood near 5.299%.
Recent market levels illustrate the pressure:
Market indicator Latest reference US 10-year Treasury yield 4.974% US 30-year Treasury yield 5.299% US 2-year Treasury yield 4.69% on October 23 Federal funds target range 3.75%–4.00% Brent crude Around $115 per barrel in early October 26 trading
The difference between short-term and long-term yields is significant.
Two-year yields are closely influenced by expectations for Federal Reserve policy. Ten-year and 30-year yields also incorporate longer-term inflation risks, government borrowing requirements and the term premium demanded by investors.
How Higher Bond Yields Affect Stocks
Higher Treasury yields can weigh on equity valuations even when company earnings remain strong.
Government bonds compete with stocks for investor capital. When investors can earn close to 5% on benchmark Treasury securities, the expected return required to justify holding riskier assets may increase.
The effect is particularly important for technology companies whose valuations depend heavily on future earnings.
Higher discount rates reduce the present value of projected cash flows, potentially putting pressure on share prices.
This has become a concern for AI-related stocks, where companies are investing heavily in data centres, chips and computing infrastructure.
Reuters reported that uncertainty surrounding AI investment returns contributed to a recent shift towards government bonds.
However, rising yields do not guarantee falling stock prices. If higher yields reflect stronger economic growth and improving earnings expectations, equities can remain resilient.
The reason yields are moving matters as much as their level.
What Do 5% Treasury Yields Mean for Bitcoin?
Bitcoin does not generate contractual interest payments, making changes in government bond yields relevant to investment decisions.
When Treasury yields rise, holding a volatile asset such as Bitcoin may become less attractive for investors prioritising income or capital preservation.
Higher yields can also support the US dollar, potentially creating additional pressure on dollar-denominated cryptocurrencies.
On October 26, Bitcoin traded around $79,926, according to Reuters.
That price placed BTC near the $80,000 area closely watched by crypto traders.
However, the relationship between Treasury yields and Bitcoin is not consistently negative.
Bitcoin can rise alongside yields when demand for digital assets strengthens independently of monetary conditions.
Investors should therefore monitor whether changes in bond yields coincide with ETF flows, dollar movements and broader risk appetite.
For additional context, Bitzo recently examined Bitcoin's $80,000 support zone and the shift towards ETF-driven institutional demand.
Why Gold Reacts Differently to Treasury Yields
Gold and Treasury bonds can both attract investors seeking protection during market uncertainty, but they respond differently to interest rates.
Gold does not pay interest.
When inflation-adjusted Treasury yields rise, the opportunity cost of holding gold generally increases because investors can earn a positive real return from certain government securities.
A stronger dollar can also weigh on gold prices.
Nevertheless, geopolitical tensions, central-bank demand and concerns about inflation can support gold even when bond yields remain elevated.
Spot gold traded near $3,986 an ounce on October 26, according to Reuters.
Its behaviour highlights an important distinction: gold can attract demand as a defensive asset even when the broader interest-rate environment is less favourable.
Oil Prices Are Complicating the Bond Market Outlook
Elevated energy prices are one reason investors remain concerned about inflation.
Brent crude traded around $115 per barrel in early October 26 trading after geopolitical tensions disrupted energy markets.
Higher oil prices can increase transportation, manufacturing and distribution costs.
If companies pass those costs to consumers, inflation may remain elevated for longer.
That matters for bonds because persistent inflation reduces the purchasing power of fixed future interest payments.
Investors may demand higher yields to compensate.
Energy shocks can also weaken growth by increasing expenses for households and businesses, creating competing forces in the bond market.
A decline in oil prices could ease near-term inflation concerns, but sustained improvement would depend on broader price trends.
Federal Reserve Decision Could Shift Treasury Yields
The Federal Reserve meets on October 27–28, with markets widely expecting policymakers to leave the federal funds target range unchanged at 3.75%–4.00%.
The policy announcement will matter primarily because of its implications for future interest rates.
According to Reuters, investors are focused on whether central banks will signal further tightening as inflation remains elevated.
A more restrictive Fed outlook could lift short-term yields as traders reassess the expected policy path.
Longer-term yields may react differently depending on expectations for inflation and economic growth.
The October 29 US GDP and Personal Consumption Expenditures inflation reports will provide another test of the outlook.
Stronger-than-expected inflation could support expectations for tighter monetary policy.
Weaker growth or easing inflation could increase demand for bonds, pushing yields lower.
What Investors Should Watch Next
Three indicators will be particularly important for financial markets.
The 10-year Treasury yield: A sustained move above 5% could renew pressure on borrowing costs and equity valuations. A decline would ease some of those conditions.
Federal Reserve guidance: The October 28 decision and subsequent economic data will shape expectations for interest rates through the end of 2026.
Oil prices and inflation: Elevated energy costs could keep inflation concerns alive, limiting the scope for lower yields.
For Bitcoin, ETF demand and liquidity conditions remain important alongside the bond market.
For gold, real yields and the dollar deserve particular attention.
For stocks, investors will need to assess whether earnings growth can offset higher financing costs and valuation pressure.
Financial Markets Outlook: Why Treasury Yields Matter
The 10-year Treasury yield near 5% reflects competing forces: persistent inflation, substantial government borrowing needs and demand for bonds during periods of market uncertainty.
Its direction could influence several asset classes at once.
A renewed rise in yields may increase pressure on expensive stocks and non-yielding assets, while falling yields could ease financial conditions.
But the market response will depend on why yields move.
Lower yields driven by easing inflation would carry different implications from lower yields caused by fears of an economic slowdown.
That distinction is central to understanding how bonds, stocks, gold and cryptocurrencies may perform through the final months of 2026.
Disclaimer: This article is provided for informational purposes only. It is not offered or intended to be used as legal, tax, investment, financial, or other advice.

Grayscale has expanded in-kind subscriptions to 10 cryptocurrency investment products, allowing eligible investors to exchange digital assets directly for fund shares without first converting their holdings into cash.
The October 21 announcement covers products linked to XRP, Solana (SOL), Dogecoin (DOGE), Chainlink (LINK), Avalanche (AVAX), Sui (SUI), Hyperliquid (HYPE), Zcash (ZEC), Bitcoin and Ethereum.
According to Grayscale's official announcement, minimum contributions range from approximately $80,300 to $364,800, depending on the product.
The change offers existing crypto holders another route into regulated investment vehicles, although participation requires an authorised intermediary.
Which Grayscale Crypto ETFs Support In-Kind Transfers?
Grayscale's expanded programme includes eight altcoin products alongside two Bitcoin and Ethereum funds.
The company published the following approximate minimum investments, calculated using market prices on October 20, 2026.
Grayscale product Ticker Minimum Solana Staking ETF GSOL $80,300 Dogecoin Trust ETF GDOG $95,550 Chainlink Trust ETF GLNK $107,900 Sui Staking ETF GSUI $148,400 Ethereum Staking Mini ETF ETH $232,300 Avalanche Staking ETF GAVA $235,800 XRP Trust ETF GXRP $257,000 Hyperliquid Staking ETF HYPG $282,600 Zcash ETF ZCSH $322,600 Bitcoin Mini Trust ETF BTC $364,800
Source: Grayscale Investments. Minimums are approximate and subject to change.
The Solana Staking ETF has the lowest stated minimum, while the Bitcoin Mini Trust has the highest.
The figures represent contribution thresholds, not ETF share prices or minimum amounts required to purchase shares on a stock exchange.
How Do Crypto-to-ETF Transfers Work?
An in-kind subscription allows an investor to contribute cryptocurrency in exchange for shares of an investment product.
In a conventional cash subscription, an investor typically provides money that the fund uses to acquire assets.
Under Grayscale's new arrangement, eligible investors can potentially contribute existing digital assets instead.
The process involves three main steps:
An investor arranges a transaction through an authorised participant or an eligible intermediary.
Cryptocurrency is transferred through the designated subscription process.
The investor receives shares of the relevant Grayscale investment product.
Grayscale says this structure may reduce the need for an intermediate cash conversion.
However, the mechanism is not available automatically to every wallet holder. Transactions depend on eligibility, product-specific requirements, fees and authorised-participant arrangements.
The announcement concerns subscriptions. It does not establish an equivalent direct token-redemption service for all investors.
Why XRP and Solana Investors Should Pay Attention
XRP and Solana are among the digital assets gaining additional access to traditional investment infrastructure.
Grayscale's XRP Trust ETF, trading as GXRP, has an approximate in-kind subscription minimum of $257,000.
Its Solana Staking ETF, GSOL, has a substantially lower threshold of approximately $80,300.
Both arrangements may appeal to investors who already own the underlying assets but prefer holding exposure through securities accounts rather than managing cryptocurrency wallets directly.
ETF shares may also fit more easily into certain brokerage, custody or portfolio-management arrangements.
However, investors exchange direct token ownership for shares representing exposure through a fund.
They no longer control the underlying cryptocurrency through their own private keys.
For staking-related products, investors must additionally assess the fund's staking arrangements, fees and associated risks.
Does This Mean More Institutional Buying for Altcoins?
Not necessarily.
The new subscription mechanism makes it easier for eligible investors to move existing cryptocurrency exposure into investment products, but that is different from generating entirely new demand.
For example, an investor contributing SOL already held in a wallet is transferring existing exposure into a fund structure.
That transaction does not automatically represent a fresh market purchase of SOL.
This distinction matters when evaluating potential effects on token prices.
Grayscale has not disclosed new fund inflows resulting specifically from the expanded programme.
The October 21 coverage from The Block also notes that the programme follows the SEC's July 2025 approval of in-kind creations and redemptions for crypto exchange-traded products.
Grayscale's latest step extends access to eligible investors through the required intermediaries.
Fees, Tax Treatment and Custody Risks
In-kind transfers may simplify certain transactions, but investors still face several considerations.
Transaction costs: Authorised participants and other facilitators may charge fees. Token conversions can also create trading costs or slippage.
Tax treatment: Contributing crypto to a fund is not automatically tax-free. Tax consequences depend on the transaction and applicable rules.
Custody: Investors rely on the fund's custody arrangements rather than holding private keys themselves.
ETF pricing: Shares may trade above or below the fund's net asset value.
Grayscale identifies these risks in its official announcement and advises investors to review the terms of the relevant product.
What Grayscale's Expansion Means for Altcoin ETFs
Grayscale's expanded in-kind programme gives eligible holders of XRP, Solana and several other cryptocurrencies another way to access exchange-traded investment products.
The biggest immediate change is operational: qualifying investors may move digital assets into fund shares without an initial cash sale.
Whether this generates additional demand for altcoins will depend on actual subscriptions, subsequent fund flows and investor appetite.
For now, the development represents a broader connection between existing crypto holdings and traditional portfolio infrastructure, rather than evidence of an immediate increase in altcoin buying.
Disclaimer: This is a sponsored article and is for informational purposes only. It does not reflect the views of Bitzo, nor is it intended to be used as legal, tax, investment, or financial advice.

Bitcoin's next move could depend on whether spot ETF inflows can sustain demand around the $80,000–$82,000 support zone. Institutional buying has shifted away from corporate treasuries towards exchange-traded funds, leaving BTC more exposed to changes in fund flows.
According to Coinbase Institutional's October 23 report, the estimated average ETF acquisition cost of $81,300 sits close to Bitcoin's 50-day moving average near $81,700.
A sustained move below this area could increase selling pressure, particularly if ETF outflows accelerate.
Bitcoin ETF Inflows Overtake Corporate Buying
Institutional Bitcoin demand has changed significantly during 2026.
Coinbase Institutional estimates that corporate treasuries purchased approximately $14.5 billion in Bitcoin during the first half of the year, while US spot ETFs recorded nearly $5 billion in net outflows.
Since August, the pattern has reversed.
Institutional demand H1 2026 Since August Corporate BTC purchases $14.5B $1.5B Spot Bitcoin ETF net flows −$5B +$6.4B
Source: Coinbase Institutional, October 23, 2026. Approximate figures.
Spot ETFs have attracted substantially more new capital than corporate treasuries since August.
This shift matters because ETF investors can adjust exposure quickly through market-traded shares. Sustained inflows may support Bitcoin demand, while redemptions can weaken it.
BlackRock's IBIT Dominates Recent Bitcoin ETF Demand
BlackRock's iShares Bitcoin Trust (IBIT) attracted approximately $6 billion in net inflows between August 1 and October 23, according to Coinbase Institutional.
Other US spot Bitcoin ETFs combined attracted approximately $500 million during the same period.
The concentration makes IBIT an important indicator of institutional demand.
However, inflows are not guaranteed to continue.
On October 23, US spot Bitcoin ETFs recorded approximately $137.9 million in net outflows, including $110.3 million from IBIT, according to Bitcoin ETF flow data.
A single negative session does not establish a trend. Consecutive outflows, however, would weaken Bitcoin's near-term demand picture.
Bitcoin Price Outlook: Key Support and Resistance Levels
The $80,000–$82,000 region is Bitcoin's main technical area to watch.
Coinbase Institutional identifies two important reference levels:
$81,300: Estimated average spot ETF acquisition cost.
$81,700: Approximate 50-day moving average as of October 23.
These levels overlap, making the surrounding price zone particularly relevant.
BTC level Significance $80,000–$82,000 Near-term support zone $73,000–$75,000 Potential lower support area $90,000 Options-related upside reference level
A sustained recovery above $82,000 would strengthen the short-term technical picture.
A decisive break below $80,000 could shift attention towards $73,000–$75,000.
These levels are analytical reference points, not guaranteed price targets.
Federal Reserve Policy Could Pressure Bitcoin
Bitcoin also faces macroeconomic uncertainty ahead of the Federal Reserve's October 27–28 meeting.
Higher interest-rate expectations can strengthen demand for interest-bearing assets while making speculative investments less attractive.
A restrictive Fed message could therefore pressure BTC, particularly if Treasury yields and the US dollar rise.
Conversely, easing inflation concerns could improve market sentiment.
The Federal Reserve's official calendar confirms the October meeting dates.
ETF flows and monetary policy expectations will be important variables for Bitcoin's next move.
Low Bitcoin Volatility Could Precede a Larger Move
Coinbase Institutional measured Bitcoin's 30-day realised volatility at approximately 24% in its October 23 report.
That reading was lower than 97% of comparable observations dating back to 2013.
One-month implied volatility stood near 35%, also relatively low by historical standards.
Low volatility indicates subdued recent price fluctuations, but it does not establish the direction of the next move.
Options positioning may become important.
Coinbase identified positive dealer gamma exposure near $80,000, which can dampen short-term price movements under certain hedging conditions.
Negative gamma exposure around $90,000 could amplify price movements if BTC reaches that area.
These effects depend on changing derivatives positions and should not be interpreted as price predictions.
What Could Move Bitcoin Next?
Three factors will be particularly important:
ETF flows: Consistent inflows, especially across multiple funds, would strengthen evidence of institutional demand.
BTC support: Holding $80,000–$82,000 could support recovery attempts. Losing the zone would increase downside risk.
Federal Reserve guidance: Changes in interest-rate expectations could affect liquidity, the dollar and demand for risk assets.
Corporate treasury purchases remain relevant, but spot ETFs have become the larger source of recent institutional inflows.
Can Bitcoin Recover Above $82,000?
Bitcoin's immediate outlook depends on whether ETF demand can stabilise prices around the estimated institutional acquisition cost.
A recovery above $82,000 supported by renewed fund inflows would improve the technical picture.
Persistent redemptions or a sustained break below $80,000 could instead bring the $73,000–$75,000 region into focus.
The most important signal is whether fresh institutional capital continues entering Bitcoin at current prices.
Disclaimer: This article is provided for informational purposes only. It is not offered or intended to be used as legal, tax, investment, financial, or other advice.

One bet on a Tuesday night tennis match can pass through more hands than the bettor imagines. Data providers supply the odds, trading platforms process the ticket, and integrity monitors may scan the betting pattern within minutes.
Sports betting depends on shared data. Operators buy official feeds, outsource parts of their trading and share alerts about suspicious markets with integrity bodies, sports federations and regulators.
One bet traced from slip to settlement shows which organisations see it, what they look for and how much of the bettor's account travels with it.
Organisations Behind a Single Bet
Several types of companies handle betting data, each for a different purpose. The table sets out the usual chain.
Organisation type
What it sees
Why
Official data providers
Match events, timestamps
Supplying scores and stats for pricing and settlement
Odds and trading platforms
Bet slips, stakes, account risk scores
Pricing and managing liability
Integrity services
Betting patterns across many operators
Spotting match-fixing signals
Industry integrity bodies
Alerts from member operators
Sharing suspicious-activity reports
Sports federations and regulators
Alerts and case files
Investigating possible corruption
Last verified: October 2026
Official data feeds also drive how prices change during a match. Bitzo's explainer on line movement at crypto sportsbooks covers why odds shift.
Data Feeds Set the Clock
Companies such as Sportradar, Genius Sports and Stats Perform hold official data rights for many leagues. Their feeds tell sportsbooks when a goal, point or card happens, often within a second or two.
That timing matters for live betting. Bets placed after an event but before the feed updates count as late bets, and most sportsbooks void them or ban the conduct outright.
Pricing Models Use the Same Data
Trading teams combine feed data with their own models to set and adjust odds. AI-driven pricing has expanded what those models can do, as a look at odds modelling explains.
Integrity Monitoring Looks for Patterns
Integrity services track betting volumes and price moves across many operators at once. Sudden heavy money on an obscure market, or identical bets from linked accounts, can raise an alert.
Industry bodies such as the International Betting Integrity Association collect alerts from member operators and pass them to sports federations. Sportradar's integrity unit and similar services also work directly with leagues.
What Travels With an Alert
Alerts usually describe the market, the timing and the size of the unusual activity. Federations and regulators can request more detail, including account information, when an investigation moves forward.
Inside the Sportsbook, Risk Profiling Never Stops
Sportsbooks score every account for risk. Winning patterns, bet timing, stake sizes and market choices all feed profiles that decide limits and review triggers.
Arbitrage bettors, late bettors and automated software users face the strictest treatment. Operators may limit, void or review their bets, and accounts can close under the terms.
Settled bets can also become void when an event goes wrong, as an explainer on void bets and abandoned matches describes.
On-Chain Bets Add a Public Layer
Some crypto sportsbooks settle parts of their book on a blockchain. Those transactions stay on a public ledger, where anyone can see the wallet address, stake and timing.
Public records help verify results, though they also expose betting patterns to anyone who links a wallet to a person.
Dexsport's Rules on Betting Conduct
Dexsport bans late betting, arbitrage and automated betting software in its terms, alongside multi-accounting and IP masking. Parts of its book, including the on-chain desk and a shared liquidity pool, record activity on supported blockchains.
Fraud reviews at Dexsport can freeze an account for as long as 14 business days, and its terms allow identity document requests at any point. Doubtful bets left unresolved after 365 days settle at odds of 1 on written request.
Dexapp LTD operates Dexsport under an Anjouan licence, and bet disputes go to team@dexsport.io within 10 days of settlement.
Conclusion
Sports bets pass through data providers, trading platforms, integrity services, industry bodies and sometimes federations or regulators. Every party sees a different slice, from match events to betting patterns and account details.
Official feeds set the timing that defines late bets, while integrity monitoring watches for unusual money across many operators. Sportsbooks score every account internally, and on-chain betting adds a public record.
Dexsport bans late betting, arbitrage, and automated software and keeps document checks open at any stage. Bet within the rules and keep records of disputes. Betting law depends on the country, so check yours, bet only at legal age, and remember that KYC or AML checks may apply.


Disclaimer: The information here is provided for general purposes only and is not legal, tax, investment, or financial advice. Data partners, integrity arrangements, betting rules and licences change over time and vary by operator and country, so check each sportsbook's current terms before you deposit. Betting involves risk, and rules vary by country, so check the law where you live. Please bet responsibly, within your means, and only if you are of legal age.