According to ChainCatcher, independent researcher Chen Jian published an article on X saying that there are currently two main ways to solve the fragmentation of Ethereum liquidity.

The first way is chain abstraction, by grafting another chain on all L2 to transfer and route transactions. The second way is to solve it in a "cluster" way, that is, put a hub under L2 to route and transfer, or call it a shared sorter. For example, OP Superchain and puffer finance's Based Rollup are both based on this idea.

Technically, it is relatively easy to solve the fragmentation of Ethereum. The main challenge lies in the economic game level, which requires the Ethereum Foundation to be more powerful and united, and at the same time find a balance point of profit sharing and win-win.