Which tracks will benefit from the Cancun upgrade?
Layer2板块：包括 Optimism（$OP ）、Arbitrum（$ARB ）、Starknet（$STRK）、Metis（$METIS ）、Manta Pacific（ $MANTA ）等已发币项目，以及 zkSync、Blast、Linea、Scroll 等未发币项目。
Storage sector: After the upgrade, L2 needs to find other paths for long-term storage of historical transaction data.
Ethereum’s move toward modularity
While skeptical about outsourced data availability, Ethereum places a strong emphasis on modular architecture. The original vision of scaling through sharding was abandoned in favor of modularity.
The three main updates needed to realize the vision are rollups (which we discussed earlier), and proposer-builder separation ("block proposers no longer generate a "revenue maximizing" block themselves, but instead delegate the task to the market external actors (builders)"), and data sampling. The latter is a way that allows light nodes to verify whether a block has been published by only downloading a small amount of randomly selected data. Technically, this is more challenging than the other two and will take two to three years to implement.
Important note: EIP-4844 is the first step in improving Ethereum’s data availability layer before data sampling goes live. As discussed before, improving Ethereum is akin to repairing an airplane while flying; once the Ethereum Foundation recognized the need for rollups (i.e. when Vitalik famously proposed a rollup-centric future), the team chose to do this by adding blobs (a Space specifically tailored for rollup data) to expand the block. Blobs are expected to reduce rollup transaction costs by a factor of ten. EIP-4844 is scheduled to go live in March/April in the Dencun upgrade. While this is a temporary solution to keep Ethereum competitive for two to three years, the long-term solution will be to support proof of validity on the mainnet itself, which will reduce the cost of rollups by orders of magnitude.
While Solana may be vehemently defending its monolithic architecture philosophy (and they may be right for many use cases), the industry seems to be moving toward modularity. As far as Ethereum is concerned, only modular architecture can realize the future:
1. Low transaction costs for millions of users due to rollups (scalability);
2. Network protection from threats such as censorship and 51% attacks (security);
3. An ordinary PC or even a mobile phone can run a node to verify transactions (decentralization).
Someone may ask, does Ethereum’s modular architecture solve the blockchain trilemma that is considered to be unsolvable? Technically, it doesn't, since Ethereum is no longer a monolithic network, but as a modular network, it does.
Of the three, we believe that solving decentralization is the most important part of the trilemma. Innovation ultimately reduces transaction costs; prioritizing decentralization (especially geographical distribution) is the only way to ensure long-term network security. Ethereum leads the way in decentralization, with the most decentralized set of validators, with over 800,000 validators. At the same time, with a modular approach, it can adapt to new design innovations with custom rollups launched on top. Celestia and others certainly share this vision. The question that remains is whether Ethereum can move in this modular direction fast enough to keep up with competitors who are building from the ground up, rather than fixing the plane as they fly.
Dencun launch time: 21:54 on March 13, Beijing time
Dencun, the biggest upgrade since the Ethereum network switched to proof-of-stake (PoS) 18 months ago, is about to go live, CoinDesk reports.
Dencun will change the way data is stored on Ethereum, making it more accessible while reducing the cost of recording second-layer transactions.
Dencun is the biggest upgrade since the Ethereum merger in September 2022, when the network transitioned from an inefficient proof-of-work algorithm to proof-of-stake. This is also one step towards Ethereum’s ultimate goal of supporting hundreds of different rollups and secondary scaling layers, one day capable of processing millions of transactions per second.
Dencun will introduce the Proto-Danksharding process, a long-theorized method (first proposed by Buterin in 2019) that changes the way Ethereum stores data.
