$BTC Once Created 184 Billion BTC

On August 15, 2010, block 74,638 contained a transaction that created:

184,467,440,737.09551616 BTC

Bitcoin’s intended maximum supply was:

21M $BTC

The bug created 8,784× more Bitcoin than the final supply cap.

Cause:

64-bit integer overflow

The transaction created exactly 2⁶⁴ satoshis, causing the validation calculation to wrap around and incorrectly accept the outputs.

Response:

Patch released in about 5 hours
Patched nodes rejected the transaction
Corrected chain overtook the bad chain in about 19 hours

There was no BIP.

The BIP process did not exist yet.

BIP-1 was introduced in August 2011, about one year later.

The chain was reorganized.

The invalid transaction was removed.

The code failed.

The network repaired it.

184B $BTC disappeared.

The 21M limit survived.
$BTC