L U M I N E

What if your smart contract could think?
On Vanar, it can.
Meet Kayon the reasoning layer for Web3.
Today, most smart contracts follow fixed rules. They do only what they are programmed to do. If A happens, then B happens. They cannot adjust. They cannot learn. They cannot understand context.
But the world is not simple. Users behave differently. Markets change fast. Data keeps moving. So why should smart contracts stay rigid?
With Kayon, smart contracts become smarter.
Kayon allows contracts on Vanar to analyze information, make decisions, and respond in a more flexible way. Instead of just following instructions, they can evaluate situations before acting.
Imagine a DeFi app that adjusts rewards based on real-time activity.
Imagine a game that changes its story based on how players behave.
Imagine a DAO that can review proposals and flag risks automatically.
This is what thinking smart contracts look like.
Kayon works as a reasoning layer built directly into Vanar’s ecosystem. It connects logic, data, and execution. Developers can build applications that don’t just run — they respond.
The result? Better user experiences. Smarter automation. Stronger security.
Web3 has always promised decentralization. But intelligence is the next step. When smart contracts can reason, they can handle complex tasks without constant human control.
That means fewer mistakes. Faster decisions. More powerful applications.
Vanar is not just another blockchain. It is building infrastructure for a smarter Web3 future.
The question is no longer “Can smart contracts execute?”
The real question is:
What will you build when your smart contract can think?
Your contract asks a question. Kayon analyzes the data and responds.
On-chain. In milliseconds.
No oracles.
No off-chain APIs.
No duct tape.
Just intelligence, built directly into the chain.
Your smart contract can ask:
→ Is this transaction suspicious?
→ Should I approve this request?
→ What does this data mean?
Kayon reasons over it and responds instantly.
@Vanarchain
#Vanar
#vanar
$VANRY

Introduction
Fogo is a layer-1 blockchain running a custom Firedancer client, built on the Agave codebase (Solana's validator client) and enhanced with @Fogo Official specific optimizations, as its single canonical client. Developed by Douro Labs, the team behind Pyth Network, the chain maintains full compatibility with the Solana Virtual Machine. The network launched mainnet on 25 November 2025 with USDC transfers enabled through Wormhole.
The project targets a gap between current chain performance and institutional trading requirements. Ethereum processes fewer than 50 transactions per second on its base layer. Solana, designed for high performance, encounters congestion at approximately 5,000 TPS due to client diversity constraints. Traditional financial systems such as NASDAQ, CME, and Eurex process over 100,000 operations per second.
Firedancer was built by Jump Trading, which began electronic trading arbitrage in 1999. Development was led by Kevin Bowers, Jump's Chief Science Officer, whose background includes work at D.E. Shaw Research and Los Alamos. The client was written in C. At Breakpoint 2023, the team demonstrated 1,000,000 transactions per second per tile, with four CPU cores saturating a 25Gbps network interface.
The network raised $13.5M: a $5.5M seed round led by Distributed Global and CMS Holdings in December 2024, and an $8M public sale via Echo in January 2025 at $100M fully diluted valuation with over 3,000 participants.
Performance
Fogo operates with 40ms block times compared to Solana's 400ms. The difference affects market maker behaviour. Market makers post bids and offers on both sides of an orderbook, earning the spread when trades execute. If prices move before they can update their quotes, informed traders can pick off stale orders at unfavourable prices.
On Solana with 400ms blocks, a market maker posting a quote faces exposure during which Bitcoin can move $50 or more in volatile periods. Market makers respond by quoting wider spreads, posting smaller size, or paying priority fees for faster cancellations. With 40ms blocks, the exposure window shrinks correspondingly. Binance's top-of-book updates in approximately 10ms and the full orderbook refreshes every 100ms. At 40ms block times, market makers on Fogo can submit regular onchain transactions to update quotes and stay roughly in sync with centralised exchange prices. The block time is short enough that arbitrageurs cannot profitably outcompete makers by paying higher priority fees, since the window for arbitrage to occur is too narrow. This removes the need for Jito-style priority fee mechanisms and allows makers to quote tighter spreads.
Pre-mainnet testing showed approximately 1-second finality across validators in three consensus zones producing 25 blocks per second. Testnet achieved approximately 46,000 theoretical TPS with 20ms blocks in January 2025. ‘Fogo Fishing’, a crypto-economic gaming application helped to stress test the Fogo chain. With users testing the Fogo Fishing application, the network reached 99,825 TPS over 100 blocks, while real-time TPS over the past hour sits at 827 TPS.
Firedancer
In early 2022, the Solana Foundation sought teams to build a new validator client. Jump Trading was selected. The resulting client, Firedancer, was written from scratch in C rather than Rust, the language used for the original Solana Labs client. The choice of C allows more direct control over hardware-level behaviour.
Kevin Bowers, who led the development, has described conventional programming approaches as hiding locality and dataflow from developers. Modern software abstracts away the physical constraints of computing, presenting a model where computation is expensive and data movement is cheap. The reverse is closer to reality: arithmetic is inexpensive compared to moving data between components. Most hardware advances in recent decades have come from adding transistors and cores rather than increasing individual component speed.
Firedancer uses a tile-based architecture where individual Linux processes handle specific tasks independently. One tile takes incoming network traffic and passes it to a QUIC tile for processing, which forwards transactions to a verification tile for signature checking, which passes results to a deduplication tile. These tiles operate in parallel, and faults in one tile do not affect the entire system.
Issues at the networking layer have historically caused Solana outages. A September 2021 outage lasting 17 hours resulted from a transaction flood at the peer-to-peer interface. An April 2022 outage lasting 7 hours had similar causes. Solana subsequently adopted the QUIC network protocol to manage traffic. The Firedancer team built their own QUIC implementation, fd_quic, after finding no existing C library that met their requirements for licensing, performance, and reliability.
Hardware Acceleration
The Firedancer team demonstrated hardware acceleration using FPGAs (field-programmable gate arrays). An FPGA is a chip with programmable elements connected by programmable wires. Unlike a CPU, which processes instructions sequentially, an FPGA allows all elements to operate simultaneously. Different regions of the chip can be programmed for specific tasks.
In a CPU-based system, transforming input data occurs sequentially, with throughput limited by latency. FPGAs allow a data pipeline where multiple inputs are processed simultaneously. Each clock cycle, a new input can enter the pipeline while previous inputs continue processing. This decouples throughput from latency.
The team demonstrated 8 million signature verifications per second using eight AWS FPGAs at under 400W of power. A standard CPU achieves approximately 30,000 signatures per second. This hardware-accelerated version is called Wiredancer. Fogo's architecture allows for eventual deployment of validators running on FPGAs or ASICs.
Compute Constraints
Solana's compute unit system limits transaction complexity. Each transaction has a compute budget, and complex DeFi operations often require splitting logic across multiple transactions. Fogo's architecture relaxes these constraints, which permits applications such as onchain options markets with complex payoff calculations, structured products combining spot and derivatives in single transactions, and real-time portfolio risk calculations.
Trading and DeFi
Market Making Dynamics
Protocol-owned liquidity vaults on Solana allow users to deposit capital that is then deployed in market-making strategies. These vaults face two risks: toxic flow from informed traders picking off stale quotes, and volatility exposure between blocks. A vault updating every 40ms rather than 400ms has proportionally less exposure to price movements between updates, and arbitrageurs have less time to identify and act on opportunities. In addition, Fogo also has Pyth Lazer which updates prices every 40ms.
Apps on Fogo will offer protocol liquidity vaults that execute market-making strategies. Deposits into these vaults will be permissionless. The structure is similar to how the HLP vault operates on Hyperliquid. The vaults can support markets before external market makers arrive and allow emerging projects to access liquidity without entering market-making agreements with professional firms.
Trading Efficiency
Perpetual futures account for the majority of crypto trading volume, with over $52 trillion traded on Binance, OKX, and Bybit last year. Perpetuals require constant funding rate calculations, liquidation monitoring, and mark price updates. A 10x leveraged position creates 10x the risk from stale quotes, so market makers on slower chains quote wider spreads to compensate.
Funding rate arbitrage, going long spot and short perpetual to capture funding payments, requires executing both legs without price slippage between them. On Solana, the 400ms block time allows prices to move between legs. A 40ms window reduces this risk.
Ambient will offer perpetual futures trading with up to 100x leverage. The platform is designed to not charge taker fees or gas fees, a shift compared to the conventional fee model where taker orders incur fees and maker orders receive rebates. The approach resembles Robinhood's model, where retail users trade commission-free and the platform monetises order flow by routing it to market makers who pay for the access to retail flow. Ambient is set to implement this onchain, with the fee structure designed to encourage retail trading volume.
MEV Architecture
Solana was designed without a public mempool, with transactions going directly to the current block leader. Jito Labs developed an alternate validator client that introduced a holding area where incoming transactions sat for approximately 200ms before being forwarded. During this window, searchers could observe transactions and submit competing bundles. Over 93% of Solana stake runs Jito's client. In March 2024, Jito suspended the public mempool functionality, but private mempools operated by individual validators continue to exist.
Solana's stake-weighted Quality-of-Service means validators with more stake get priority in pushing transactions through. If a validator grows large by exploiting users and uses those gains to attract more stake, it creates a feedback loop. Large validators have more opportunities to extract MEV, which can fund further stake acquisition.
Fogo uses a small, curated validator set of operators. Validators engaging in frontrunning or sandwiching face penalties including removal. Governance begins under proof-of-authority and is intended to transition to onchain permissioning managed by validators. The approach resembles how traditional exchanges operate: NYSE and NASDAQ do not allow anyone to become a market maker; participants must meet standards and can lose privileges for misconduct.
At the protocol level, Ambient is set to implement cancel priority, where cancel orders execute before other order types in a block. This will allow market makers to remove stale quotes before arbitrageurs can hit them. In addition, taker speed bumps will introduce a 1-2 block delay (40-80ms) before market-taking orders execute, giving makers time to update quotes in response to price movements. Protocol liquidity vaults receive execution priority, ensuring they can adjust positions before external actors can exploit them.
With 40ms blocks, searchers have one-tenth the time available on Solana to identify opportunities, calculate profitability, simulate execution, and submit transactions. MEV strategies require computation: identifying a profitable sandwich requires seeing the target transaction, calculating the optimal frontrun size, simulating the price impact, and submitting the bundle. Strategies that are profitable at 400ms may become unprofitable at 40ms.

Tokenomics
Fogo implements 2% annual inflation. Many new chains launch with 5-15% inflation schedules that decrease over time, meaning early holders benefit from emissions while later participants absorb dilution.
Total supply is 10B tokens. At launch, 63.74% of genesis supply is locked, unlocking gradually over four years. The remaining 36.26% is unlocked at launch, with 2% burned.

Community Ownership represents 16.68%, combining the Echo raises, Binance Prime Sale, and airdrop. Two raises were completed on Echo: $8M at $100M FDV and $1.25M at $200M FDV, across approximately 3,200 participants. Echo tokens (8.68%) are locked and vest over four years from September 2025 with a 12-month cliff. Binance Prime Sale tokens (2%) are fully unlocked. The community airdrop (6%) is fully unlocked, with 1.5% distributed at mainnet launch and 4.5% reserved for future campaigns.
Institutional investors hold 12.06%, fully locked until September 2026, then vesting over four years. Core contributors hold 34%, fully locked and vesting over four years from September 2025 with a 12-month cliff. Advisors hold 7% on the same schedule. The Foundation holds 21.76%, fully unlocked, to fund grants, incentives, and ecosystem programs. Launch liquidity is 6.5%, fully unlocked to support third-party liquidity provisioning.
The Foundation operates a revenue-sharing model with ecosystem projects: it supports builders through grants and investments, and in return partners commit to directing value back to Fogo.
Architecture
Network Topology
Fogo uses colocation infrastructure rather than geographically distributed validator nodes. Light takes over 130ms to circle the Earth at the equator. Real-world network routes add further delays, which compound when consensus requires multiple rounds of communication. Globally distributed networks must adopt conservative block times to accommodate these delays.
Geographic distribution protects against government censorship and regional infrastructure failures. A 2021 crackdown on Bitcoin mining in China demonstrated this risk, with hash rate migrating to other jurisdictions. On Ethereum, approximately 60% of nodes are located in the United States according to Etherscan. If validator distribution mirrors node distribution, a nationwide ban could take more than a third of Ethereum's stake offline, preventing the network from finalising blocks.

Solana's geographic distribution by stake amount shows 68% concentrated in Europe. Despite being designed for high throughput, Solana's 400ms block times still exceed what centralised exchanges achieve. Price discovery remains on platforms like Binance, with CEX-DEX arbitrageurs bridging the gap.
Hyperliquid demonstrates convergence toward colocation at the limits of performance. Validators can operate from anywhere, but those outside the Tokyo region struggle to keep up due to speed of light constraints, leading to missed voting rounds and lower performance-based rewards. The network has reduced orderbook block times to 150-200ms.
Fogo trades geographic distribution for lower latency, targeting institutional traders rather than consumer applications. The network implements multi-local consensus where validators coordinate physical locations across epochs while maintaining distinct cryptographic identities for different zones. A zone is ideally a single data centre where latency approaches hardware limits, though zones can expand to larger regions.
Unified Client Implementation
Client diversity provides resilience: if one client has a bug, others continue operating. The cost is coordination. Ethereum's six consensus clients and nine execution clients require coordination across dozens of teams for each upgrade. The Merge took years to complete partly due to this complexity. Solana now has multiple clients (Agave, Jito-Solana, and Firedancer) that must synchronise for protocol changes.

Firedancer has over 10x the throughput of Jito and Agave clients. On Solana, where all three must interoperate, the network is constrained by the slowest client. Fogo runs only Firedancer, which allows upgrades without cross-team coordination. Deploying hardware acceleration such as Wiredancer on a multi-client network would require all client teams to implement compatible versions.

Most new high-performance blockchains launch with a single client implementation. In a chain's early stages, the priority is adoption and product-market fit. The relationship between protocol design and client implementation becomes more constrained in high-performance networks. As a blockchain approaches the physical limits of computing and networking hardware, the room for implementation diversity narrows. Optimal designs tend to converge because all clients must overcome the same technical constraints.
Conclusion
Fogo improves on Solana through three primary mechanisms: 40ms block times (compared to 400ms), a curated validator set operating in colocated infrastructure, and a custom Firedancer client built on the Agave codebase (Solana's validator client) and enhanced with Fogo-specific optimizations, without the coordination overhead of multi-client architectures. These changes allow market makers to update quotes without priority fee mechanisms, reduce the MEV extraction window by an order of magnitude, and enable protocol upgrades without cross-team coordination.
The architecture makes explicit trade-offs: reduced client diversity and a smaller validator set in exchange for performance. The team has built for a specific use case, institutional trading, rather than general-purpose computation. Pyth Network's oracle infrastructure is enshrined at the protocol level, and Ambient Finance's dual flow batch auction mechanism is designed around the assumption that sub-100ms latency improvements benefit arbitrageurs rather than price discovery.
The network is live, but the ecosystem remains nascent. It will take time for applications to launch and gain popularity, for liquidity to develop, and for market makers to begin routing flow. The infrastructure is in place; whether it attracts the institutional activity it was designed for depends on execution over the coming months.
@Fogo Official
#FOGO
#fogo
#Fogo
$FOGO

$SOL

The first day of the Lunar New Year is meant to bring joy, hope, and fresh beginnings. Yet for many of us, it feels like a social test we didn’t sign up for. We dress up, smile politely, answer the same questions about work, marriage, and money, and pretend everything is perfect. Deep down, we feel pressure to “reset” our lives overnight. That pressure is exhausting. We don’t hate the new year we hate the expectation to suddenly become better, richer, or more successful. Real growth takes time, not one calendar day.
@Vanarchain
#vanar
$VANRY

I’ve studied every major DEX design this cycle and $FOGO stands apart. Instead of letting third party protocols build on top @Fogo Official embeds the exchange directly into its base layer alongside native Pyth price feeds and collocated liquidity. This is vertical integration at protocol level order, execution, and settlement in one 40ms pipeline. While Solanasupports DEXs, Fogo makes the DEX the chain itself.
Fogo is not only fast, but it creates opportunity out of developer friction.That is what I like the mostDue to its complete support with the Solana Virtual Machine, developers have the ability to move their apps with no code changes, enabling them to unlock real-time trading, auctions, and low-latency DeFi, without having to rewrite software, which few platforms can offer developers. Fogo realizes faster real usage by reducing the obstacle to entry in ecosystems.
#FOGO
#fogo
#Fogo