1. Core Mechanics & Infrastructure

The architectural divergence between the two networks defines how they scale and secure transactions: [1]

• Consensus Mechanisms: Bitcoin relies on a highly conservative Proof-of-Work (PoW) system that maximizes security through energy-intensive mining puzzles. Ethereum utilizes an eco-friendly Proof-of-Stake (PoS) model, secured by validators who stake ETH to validate blocks. [1, 2]

• Supply Tokenomics: Bitcoin has an absolute, immutable hard cap of 21 million coins, making it strictly disinflationary. Conversely, Ethereum has no hard supply cap but relies on an upgrade mechanism (EIP-1559) that burns a portion of transaction fees, allowing its supply to become deflationary during high network traffic.

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