ETF creations and redemptions, explained in a few sentences:
When an authorized participant creates ETF shares, they deliver cash or the corresponding assets to the fund and receive a large block of new shares; redemptions work the other way around.
When an ETF trades at a large premium or discount, authorized participants can profit from the price difference by creating or redeeming shares. This arbitrage helps bring the trading price back in line with the NAV.
When tracking ETF fund flows, look at the cumulative trend over several weeks. Large inflows or outflows on a single day are often due to portfolio rebalancing by individual institutions.
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