🧮 Technical Principles | UTXO and Account Models
· Key point: With Ethereum, an external account’s nonce increases by 1 with each transaction. Transactions must be processed in nonce order, and each nonce can only take effect once.
· Why: The Bitcoin balance shown in your wallet is calculated by adding up all the UTXOs that belong to you; there is no “balance” field on the blockchain.
· In practice: If an Ethereum transaction remains unconfirmed, subsequent transactions will be queued. You can resend it with the same nonce and a higher gas fee to replace it.
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