Knowledge Card: Bitcoin Supply and Halving
Based on the current block production rate, Bitcoin is expected to be fully issued around 2140.
The first three halvings took place in 2012, 2016, and 2020, respectively, reducing the block reward to 25, 12.5, and 6.25 coins.
When discussing supply, remember to distinguish between “fewer new coins” and “how the price moves”—they are not the same thing.
$BTC New coin issuance is hard-coded into the consensus rules; no institution can temporarily issue additional coins.

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