Samsung Electronics has already secured nearly 80% of its memory chip production capacity for next year, including high-bandwidth memory (HBM). Global tech giants such as Nvidia, Google, and Microsoft are lining up to place orders, with supply commitments generally extending more than five years. This trend of signing long-term supply agreements has spread from the semiconductor sector to the entire AI hardware supply chain. Industry insiders say the AI components industry is rapidly shifting from the traditional spot trading model to a more predictable, “order-driven” model. Samsung admitted during its second-quarter earnings call: “Almost all of our key customers are strongly requesting long-term supply agreements, and it is currently difficult for the company to fully meet all these requests.” IT Home noted that, meanwhile, other memory chip giants, including SK Hynix and Micron Technology, have also successively finalized large-scale long-term supply agreements with key customers. Industry analysts point out that the widespread adoption of long-term supply agreements essentially reflects tech giants’ urgent need to ensure supply chain stability, as well as their upstream suppliers’

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