#IMF称代币化市场仍小且碎片化 Tokenization is growing fast, but Sister Qing thinks it’s still a long way from “transforming global finance.”

1️⃣ Why call it “fragmented”?

1. The same tokenized U.S. stock or bond is listed on more than 10 platforms, but assets can’t move seamlessly between platforms, leaving liquidity spread thin.

2. Trading is available 7×24 and fractional shares are supported, but volatility is about 1.5 times that of traditional stocks. Slippage is high, and it’s hard to build deep order books.

3. Poor interoperability across chains and platforms means liquidity is trapped in separate “digital silos,” preventing network effects from taking hold.

2️⃣ The four hurdles highlighted by the IMF

1. Legal certainty: Do on-chain records count as definitive proof of ownership? Which country’s laws apply in a dispute?

2. Regulatory clarity: The same activity isn’t subject to the same regulations, making regulatory arbitrage easy.

3. Interoperability: Platforms can’t connect with one another, nor can blockchains connect with traditional financial market infrastructures (FMIs).

4. Shortage of safe settlement assets: Using stablecoins for settlement exposes users to issuer credit and run risks. Central bank money and tokenized reserves have not been brought on-chain at scale.

3️⃣ The most easily overlooked issue: efficiency comes at the cost of a buffer

Traditional markets naturally have a window to respond to emergencies, thanks to “T+1, end-of-day reconciliation, and settlement delays.” But with tokenization, atomic settlement, and 7×24 automated execution:

1. Margin calls can be triggered in seconds.

2. Runs and sell-offs can unfold at “machine speed.”

3. Regulators and central banks may not be able to step in with liquidity tools in time.

4️⃣ Policy recommendations

1. Don’t ban a particular blockchain or type of token; regulate based on “function and risk.”

2. Clarify the legal rights attached to tokenized assets and the finality of settlement.

3. Support interoperability between platforms and traditional financial systems.

4. Monitor leverage, liquidity, and cross-platform interconnectedness in real time.

5. The public sector (central banks) should provide safe on-chain settlement assets rather than leaving it all to private stablecoins.

5️⃣ Summary

For industry professionals: There is demand for RWA; the infrastructure and legal framework just aren’t in place yet. The money to be made now is in pilots, not the main game.

For regulators: You don’t have to regulate the technology itself, but you do need to make sure you know “who owns what, what’s used for settlement, and who steps in if things collapse.”

For everyday investors: Tokenized stocks and funds ≠ greater stability. They may actually be less liquid, more volatile, and have wider cross-platform price gaps.

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