According to TechFlow, the Ethereum Foundation will make major changes to the account abstraction standard in Ethereum to reduce gas consumption, especially for the second layer.
On January 10, the Ethereum Foundation shared a preview of a major revision to the ERC-4337 standard specification regarding account abstraction, also known as smart accounts. The biggest change is the structure of account abstraction transactions, which are more complex than regular Ethereum transactions. These transactions now need to specify five gas values instead of just one.
“Users must specify more than one gas value to account for the computations an account can perform when checking its signature,” Rising explained. “With Smart Accounts, users can have multiple different types of signatures and pay for gas in multiple ways. This means that the amount of gas required varies, and transactions must specify how much they are willing to spend to perform this verification.”
This makes gas estimates more accurate and reduces gas costs because these changes reduce the amount of data that needs to be published.
The new specification will also impose a 10% penalty on all unused gas in user executions, which can prevent applications from running transactions with unnecessarily high gas limits.