Ethereum is preparing for a Dencun upgrade in the first quarter of 2024, which will increase the scalability of the blockchain, Goldman Sachs reports. Dencun's main impact is to increase data availability for layer 2 through proto-danksharding, leading to lower transaction costs and improved network security. This upgrade will form the basis for future major updates, including danksharding, as part of the "Surge" blockchain roadmap.