Khartoum, Sudan – Before Husna Mohamed’s five children leave for school and her husband heads to his workshop, the 34-year-old is already carrying jerrycans towards her southern Khartoum neighbourhood’s shared water pipe
Power cuts mean that the electric motor she once used to pump water inside her home is now useless, forcing her to make the daily trip
“My day has become a series of attempts to overcome these small details, which have piled up to become a daily burden,” Husna told Al Jazeera. “When the electricity was stable, daily household chores were easier
Sudan’s power grid was already structurally compromised long before the current breakdown, and the war in the country between the Sudanese Armed Forces and the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces, now in its fourth year, has accelerated the collapse
The regional shockwaves from the US-Israeli war with Iran have compounded these pressures further. Sudan, which relies heavily on imported fuel, has found itself caught in the disruption to Gulf energy supply chains and shipping routes, driving already strained fuel supplies tighter and pushing import costs higher still
As a result, many of Sudan’s towns and cities have experienced crippling power cuts in the past two weeks. While the power cuts are not new, their current scale is disrupting nearly every aspect of daily life across the country, according to residents and officials
The Sudanese pound has lost roughly 20 percent of its value in recent weeks, with the US dollar now trading at more than 390 pounds on the black market, while fuel prices have surged sharply, driving up the cost of transport, food, and basic goods
The Sudanese government did announce a return to Khartoum in January and promised an improvement in services, including electricity. But restoring those services to a war-torn city, amid a global energy crisis, has proven difficult
Inside homes, the consequences are immediate and compounding. Without refrigeration, Husna can no longer store food, forcing her to cook and consume meals the same day, often over firewood or charcoal. In the evenings, the family sits in the heat and the darkness. Her eldest daughter, 16, is preparing for her high school exams
The lack of electricity becomes a direct obstacle to her studies,” Husna said. “She is forced to rely on candle lights that do not provide a suitable environment for concentration.
Husna’s husband, Ahmed Ali, 38, works as a car mechanic. His workshop depends partly on electricity to run equipment, and when the power goes out, work slows or stops entirely. A generator once bridged the gap. That option has effectively closed
According to information gathered from drivers and fuel station owners in Khartoum, petrol prices climbed from 4,860 Sudanese pounds (about $12.50) per litre at the end of March to 6,870 pounds (about $17.60), an increase of more than 40 percent in a matter of weeks, further compressing the margins of anyone whose work depends on movement
For merchants like Abdulhafiz, the calculus is similar, but played out at a larger scale. Solar investment offers some relief, but it is a solution available only to those who can afford the upfront cost. Smaller traders, street vendors, and daily-wage workers have no such buffer. Their exposure to each price movement, in fuel, in food, in transport, is direct and unmediated
What the crisis has made visible, al-Tayeb argues, is how little margin existed in the first place. “The Sudanese household was already absorbing multiple shocks: the war, the currency collapse, the displacement. The energy crisis has removed whatever room was left to adapt
Back in Husna and Ahmed’s home, the five children are trying to carry on. The eldest studies under inadequate light. The younger ones move through a household running on improvisation. Each day begins with the same calculus: What is available, what can be worked around, what must simply be gone without
“The absence of electricity is no longer just a temporary power outage,” Husna said. “It has become a daily reality and an unbearable one
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