Israel Aerospace Industries’ (IAI) Chief Marketing Officer, Uri Shenfeld, has expressed concerns about Western nations’ reluctance to adopt autonomous weapons powered by artificial intelligence (AI), despite the advanced technology being readily available. Speaking at the DSEI defense and security equipment exhibition in London, Shenfeld highlighted the unique challenges AI-driven weapons present and their current reception in Western countries.
IAI’s expertise in drones and autonomous weapons
IAI, a prominent Israeli drone manufacturer, specializes in producing various drones and autonomous missiles, including the Rotem Alpha and Harop. The Rotem Alpha, showcased for the first time at DSEI, is capable of carrying a 2.5 kg (5.5 lb) warhead designed for tank attacks. IAI’s expertise in this field draws from lessons learned in conflicts like the war in Ukraine, where armed drones have seen extensive use.
Western hesitancy toward autonomous weapons
Shenfeld revealed that many Western governments, including Britain, exhibit reservations when it comes to embracing autonomous AI-powered weapons. Despite the technological capabilities at hand, Western countries are hesitant to fully utilize such weaponry. Shenfeld attributes this caution to a desire for human control over munitions and regulatory constraints.
While AI-controlled weapons are no longer confined to the realm of science fiction, Western nations seem reluctant to fully embrace their potential. Shenfeld noted that these countries prefer having a “significant man in the room” rather than fully autonomous weapons systems.
The evolution of AI-powered weapons
IAI’s history includes the design of the Harpy, a loitering missile created four decades ago to target air defenses. Shenfeld emphasized that significant technological advancements have since occurred, turning AI-controlled weapons from fiction into reality. The current state of technology allows for the development of such weapons that can operate without direct human intervention.
Striking a balance between meaningful man in the loop
Despite technological progress, all major Western powers currently agree on one aspect—weapons like drones and robotic tanks should include a “meaningful man in the loop.” This stipulates that even autonomous weapons systems must have a human presence overseeing their actions. Unlike the past “fire and forget” missiles, where once launched, the weapon couldn’t be stopped, modern loitering missiles can be aborted just seconds before impact.
IAI’s drones and loitering missiles come equipped with cameras and are operated by personnel safely stationed in control rooms. These operators have the ability to halt missions if they identify “uninvolved persons” in the vicinity of the target, prioritizing safety and minimizing collateral damage.
The global race in autonomous weapons
While Western nations may exhibit hesitancy, Shenfeld believes that adversaries, particularly Russia and China, are actively developing autonomous weapons. This global race raises concerns about falling behind in AI-driven military capabilities.
The UK’s stance on AI weapons
The discussion around AI weapons extends to the UK as well. James Cartlidge, Britain’s defense procurement minister, emphasizes the importance of leveraging AI within the boundaries of international law. He insists on staying ahead of adversaries while maintaining a responsible approach.
However, Lieutenant General Tom Copinger-Symes, the deputy commander of the UK Strategic Command, underlines that the acceptance of autonomous weapons among armed forces personnel is critical. Soldiers, sailors, and aviators must trust these technologies for them to be effectively utilized. Safety and responsibility remain paramount considerations.
Cautionary tales of a dystopian future
The debate surrounding AI weapons also raises cautionary concerns. Michael Cohen, an AI expert, likened the potential consequences to a “dystopian future” reminiscent of the film “The Terminator,” where an AI system named Skynet seeks to dominate and destroy humanity. Cohen’s warning underscores the need for careful consideration and responsible development of AI weapons to avoid unintended catastrophic outcomes.
The intersection of AI and weaponry presents a complex dilemma. While the technology offers significant advantages, there are ethical, regulatory, and safety concerns that nations and the global community must navigate to ensure a responsible and secure future in the realm of autonomous AI weapons.