What is an oracle in Web3? A blockchain oracle delivers information from outside the chain to smart contracts. Data may include asset prices, event outcomes, real-world measurements, or randomness proofs.
Blockchains need a defined process for external information because nodes must execute transactions and agree on the same result. A contract cannot safely depend on every node fetching different live data independently. Oracle systems report data through a process that the application can verify and use.
Oracles do not remove trust assumptions; they make them part of the system’s design. Ask where the data comes from, how many independent sources are used, who can submit updates, how frequently data changes, and what happens when sources disagree or become unavailable.
A lending market may rely on price feeds, while a game may need verifiable randomness. Different uses require different security properties.
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