Ethereum blocks contain ordered transactions, but the state touched by those transactions is often discovered only while the EVM is executing them.

A swap may begin at one router, call a pool, read token balances, enter transfer logic, invoke hooks and reach proxy implementations whose storage access depends on current state. Execution clients can optimize aggressively, but they traditionally discover many accounts and storage slots as the work is already happening.

EIP-7928 changes when that information becomes available.

A block-level access list, or BAL, records the accounts and storage locations actually accessed by the block, together with ordered post-transaction changes for balances, nonces, code and storage. The block header commits to the encoded list, and validators verify that it matches real execution.

This is different from an EIP-2930 transaction access list. A transaction access list is supplied by the user and may contain entries that never get used. A BAL is block-wide, derived from actual execution and must be complete under the protocol’s inclusion rules.

The first benefit is parallel prefetching. If a client knows the block’s working set before each transaction reaches every state read, it can load accounts, code and storage concurrently. That can reduce the database stalls caused by discovering state one item at a time.

The second benefit is dependency-aware work. Transactions touching disjoint state can become candidates for parallel validation. Transactions touching the same state still preserve Ethereum’s canonical order and the intermediate values produced by earlier transactions.

The third benefit is better state reconstruction. Because BALs include post-transaction values, synchronization systems can use authenticated state changes without replaying historical instructions solely to rediscover final values. That does not mean a fully validating node can skip proving the list matches execution.

The performance result will depend on client architecture, hardware, cache conditions, workload contention and database design. BALs expose better information. They do not guarantee a universal speed multiplier.

TokenToolHub’s EIP-7928 guide explains the data structure, validation model, security risks, node requirements and realistic performance limits in detail.

Read the guide:

https://tokentoolhub.com/eip-7928-block-level-access-lists/

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