Vitalik Buterin published a technical paper "Protocol and staking pool changes that could improve decentralization and reduce consensus overhead".
Vitalik analyzes the current staking system.
Main theses:
▫️Ethereum two-tiered staking: There is a staking model where participants are divided into node operators (those who run nodes and provide collateral) and delegators.
▫️Problems of the current system:
- Centralization risk in node operators.
- Needless consensus layer burden due to the large number of signatures Ethereum has to verify.
▫️Role of delegators: The paper discusses what role delegators can play so that their participation is meaningful and affects the security and decentralization of the network.
▫️Empowering Delegators: ways to strengthen the role of delegators, including better voting tools within pools, more competition between pools, and the introduction of protocol-level delegation are suggested.
https://notes.ethereum.org/@vbuterin/staking_2023_10